COMPLEX European integration and national law: Compliance in complex institutional orders

Norwegian flag and EU flag

Photo: Statsministerens kontor

Duration
01.08.2021–31.07.2026

COMPLEX studies the effects of international treaties on national law.

Contact

  • Erik O. Eriksen
    Erik O. Eriksen University of Oslo Coordinator
  • Andreas Eriksen University of Oslo Co-coordinator

About the project

The NAV scandal forms the backdrop for this project on the effects of international agreements on Norwegian law. Here, the EEA Agreement with its requirement of the same effect of legal acts is important. National administrative bodies – directorates and agencies – are linked to transnational EU agencies and implement EU legal acts. They must consider complex factors. The starting point for Complex is that the effect of EU law in Norway depends on how it is incorporated into Norwegian law. From previous studies, it is known that administrative bodies can understand and practice rules differently. This variation can result in  legal uncertainty and thus in unequal treatment . When administrative bodies act differently based on their established routines and politically controlled discretion, they understand and prioritize the administrative values of accuracy, fairness, and efficiency differently. National administrative bodies may misunderstand, misinterpret, or ignore EU law. The wider question is how to ensure democracy and the rule of law in differentiated political orders where the monopoly of force rests with the nation states.

COMPLEX is closely linked to the project Rule of Law in NAV: Principled Justification (RETTS) at ARENA.  

Objectives

The primary objective of COMPLEX is to establish the effects of EU law on the practicing of national law. COMPLEX investigates whether there is context sensitive variation in interpreting and practicing EU law. What would a theory of administrative behaviour in complex settings look like?

Participants

Publications

  • Saes-Louarn, Alicia Noellie (2026). Guardians of sovereignty: the role of technocratic nationalism in expertise-driven governance. A cross-sectoral analysis. Political Research Exchange (PRX). 8(1). doi: 10.1080/2474736x.2026.2693565. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Andreas & Michelle, Everson (2025). Health Policy: A Cautionary Tale of Constitutional Slippage and Polity Building between Crisis and Nation Building. In Diane, Fromage; Adrienne, Héritier & Paul, Weismann (Ed.), EU Regulatory Responses to Crises: Adaptation or Transformation?. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780198913818. p. 63–91. doi: 10.1093/9780198913825.003.0004. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2025). Grenseoverskridende forpliktelser. NAVs trygdeskandale i et forvaltningsteoretisk perspektiv. Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning (TfS). ISSN 0040-716X. 66(1), p. 16–33. doi: 10.18261/tfs.66.1.2. Full text in Research Archive
  • Saes-Louarn, Alicia Noellie (2025). Fjords of sovereignty: a case study of selective non-compliance in the Norwegian Environment Agency. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. ISSN 1523-908X. 27(5), p. 543–559. doi: 10.1080/1523908X.2025.2486102. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2024). Pragmatisk problemløsning er ikke svaret. Stat & Styring. ISSN 0803-0103. 34(4), p. 49–55. doi: 10.18261/stat.34.4.8. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Andreas & Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2024). Multilevel Reasoning: Conciliation and Deference in Complex Administrative Orders. International Journal of Public Administration. ISSN 0190-0692. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2024.2435896. Full text in Research Archive
  • Moland, Martin (2024). Comparing elite and citizen attitudes towards the differentiated implementation of EU law: evidence from a large-N survey of citizens, politicians and bureaucrats. West European Politics. ISSN 0140-2382. p. 1–24. doi: 10.1080/01402382.2024.2421661. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Andreas & Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2023). Rettssikkerhet gjennom begrunnelse: Nav og den offentlige bruken av fornuft. Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning. ISSN 0809-2052. 26(4). doi: 10.18261/tfv.26.4.4. Full text in Research Archive
  • Sjursen, Helene (2023). Principles in EU Foreign Policy: How Distinctive? In Hill, Christopher; Smith, Michael & Vanhoonacker, Sophie (Ed.), International Relations and the European Union. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780192897343. p. 425–442. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in NVA

  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2025). Mechanisms of European Integration. The Force of Reasons. Routledge. ISBN 9781032893761. doi: 10.4324/9781003542445. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in NVA

  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2025). EU, Donald Trump | Trump og Putin vil ha revansj: – Ren aggresjon, advarsler og trusler. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2025). Resignasjon eller opposisjon | Klassekampen. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Andreas (2024). Multi-Level Reasoning: Multi-Level Governance and the Quest for Coherence. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2024). EØS-avtale i skvis. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2024). Fornuft, Fred, Frihet. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2024). I norsk EU-debatt går feilinformasjon, kunnskapsmangel og propaganda hånd i hånd. Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2023). Hvorfor er noen verdig tillit? Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Erik Oddvar (2023). Hvem er «vi-et» som skal handle for oss? Full text in Research Archive
  • Eriksen, Andreas (2023). The Development of EU Health Policy after Lisbon: A cautionary tale of polity building, crisis & constitutional slippage. Full text in Research Archive
  • Saes-Louarn, Alicia Noellie; Eriksen, Erik Oddvar & Kuyper, Jonathan William (2026). Technocratic Nationalism in Disguise: Civil Servants and the Exercise of Discretion in Complex Multilevel Orders. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in NVA

Funding

Funded by The Research Council of Norway

Project number: 315074

COMPLEX is funded by the Research Council of Norway’s research initiative ‘Europe in Transition’ (EUROPA) under the UTENRIKS Research Programme on International relations, foreign and security policy and Norwegian interests.

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Published Nov. 26, 2024 12:07 PM - Last modified Sep. 24, 2025 3:43 PM