Mehdi Poornikoo

• Sundgot-Borgen, Christine; Daus, Stephan; Poornikoo, Mehdi; Pedersen, Cathrine; Besche, Torstein de & Vestad, Lene [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2026). Embargoed OSF preregistration; Validation of questionnaires measuring multi-level implementation of a health promotive school reform. Open Science Framework (OSF). doi: https:/osf.io/t3b5f/overview?view_only=5187f0f6454647319ea37f150cdb1c72. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This preregistration describes a cross-sectional observational validation study of four newly developed questionnaires assessing the implementation of Health and Life Skills (HLS) in Norwegian schools. The questionnaires target school owners, school leaders, and teachers, and are designed to capture implementation determinants, processes, and outcomes across levels of the school system. The study combines theory-driven item categorisation based on CFIR, Proctor’s Implementation Outcomes Framework, and Fixsen’s Implementation Drivers Framework with empirical analyses of factor structure and psychometric properties. The preregistered analyses include confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses, CFA of EFA-derived models, reliability and validity analyses, measurement invariance testing, and assessment of school- and municipality-level variation. The aim is to evaluate whether the questionnaires provide valid and reliable measures of implementation in a complex, cross-curricular school reform.

• Edvoll, Maud Clemson; Poornikoo, Mehdi; Klomstén, Anne Torhild; Sundgot-Borgen, Christine; Ystrom, Eivind & Røysamb, Espen [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2026). OSF Embargoed Preregistrering; A Norwegian School Reform: The Effects of ‘Health and Life Skills’ for the Socioemotional School Climate. Open Science Framework (OSF). doi: https:/osf.io/tfrqu/overview. Full text in Research Archive
• Edvoll, Maud Clemson; Folstad, Siri Hausland; Eftedal, Nikolai Haahjem; Poornikoo, Mehdi; Fang, Yuan & Ystrøm, Eivind [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2026). A Norwegian curriculum reform: Effects for 10th graders’ academic performance. Studies in Educational Evaluation. ISSN 0191-491X. 89. doi: 10.1016/j.stueduc.2026.101616. Full text in Research Archive
• Poornikoo, Mehdi; Gyldensten, William C.; Vesin, Boban & Øvergård, Kjell Ivar (2024). Trust in Automation (TiA): Simulation Model, and Empirical Findings in Supervisory Control of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. ISSN 1044-7318. doi: 10.1080/10447318.2024.2399439. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Over the past three decades, Trust in Automation (TiA) has been the subject of extensive research. However, a large portion of the research takes a “static” approach to modeling trust and views trust as a linear unidirectional phenomenon. This view fails to recognize that trust is a dynamic construct that changes over time as an outcome of prolonged interaction with automation. The present study aims to address this gap and explore the nonlinear dynamic nature of trust by developing a simulation model of Trust in Automation (TiA) that can demonstrate trust evolution, deterioration, and recovery within the context of supervisory control of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). Employing System Dynamics (SD) approach, the model captures trust’s non-linear and reciprocal nature through dynamic feedback loops, producing behavioral patterns consistent with empirical observations of trust. The simulation results showcase the crucial role of initial trust conditions and the alignment of expectations with system performance in fostering trust and effective automation use. The study also explores the timing of system malfunctions, revealing that early faults have a greater negative impact on trust compared to later faults of the same magnitude. We tested a segment of the proposed model in an experimental study involving 30 human participants to investigate the effects of automation malfunctions on operators’ trust and behavioral responses during the supervisory control of MASS. Results not only validated the proposed model but demonstrated a significant decline in perceived reliability and trust in automation as well as the monitoring strategy after the automation malfunction.

• Poornikoo, Mehdi & Øvergård, Kjell Ivar (2023). Model evaluation in human factors and ergonomics (HFE) sciences; case of trust in automation. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. ISSN 1463-922X. 25(4), p. 416–452. doi: 10.1080/1463922X.2023.2233591. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  theories and models are central to human Factors/ergonomics (hFe) sciences for producing new knowledge, pushing the boundaries of the field, and providing a basis for designing systems that can improve human performance. Despite the key role, there has been less attention to what constitutes a good theory/model and how to examine the relative worth of different theories/models. this study aims to bridge this gap by (1) proposing a set of criteria for evaluating models in hFe, (2) employing a methodological approach to utilize the proposed criteria, and (3) eval- uating the existing models of trust in automation (tia) according to the proposed criteria. the resulting work provides a reference guide for researchers to examine the existing models’ performance and to make meaningful comparisons between tia models. the results also shed light on the differences among tia models in satisfying the criteria. While con- ceptual models offer valuable insights into identifying the causal factors, their limitation in operationalization poses a major challenge in terms of testability and empirical validity. On the other hand, although more read- ily testable and possessing higher predictive power, computational mod- els are confined to capturing only partial causal factors and have reduced explanatory power capacity. the study concludes with recommendations that in order to advance as a scientific discipline, hFe should adopt mod- elling approaches that can help us understand the complexities of human performance in dynamic sociotechnical systems.

• Poornikoo, Mehdi & Mansouri, Mo (2023). Systems approach to modeling controversy in Human factors and ergonomics (HFE). In IEEE, . (Eds.), Proceedings of 2023 18th System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE 2023): 14-16 June 2023, Lille, France. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). ISSN 9798350327236. doi: 10.1109/SoSE59841.2023.10178634. Full text in Research Archive
• Poornikoo, Mehdi & Øvergård, Kjell Ivar (2022). Levels of automation in maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS): a fuzzy logic approach. Maritime Economics & Logistics. ISSN 1479-2931. 24(2), p. 278–301. doi: 10.1057/s41278-022-00215-z. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The development of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) is on the verge of opening a new era in the shipping industry that can result in a new paradigm shift with regard to efficiency, safety, security, and environmental impact. This develop- ment is likely to have significant implications for cargo transportation, navigation, and ship operations. Until now, the primary research focus has been on the technical aspects of autonomous ships, with a strong focus on operational risks. There has been less attention paid to the level of automation (LOA) in which autonomous ships are expected to operate. Despite the pervasive use of LOAs, there is no agreement as to what constitutes level of automation and how LOAs in different taxonomies (as defined below) can be compared, leaving the concept prone to interpretation. This study presents the current status of levels of automation in MASS and proposes a new approach to address the shortcomings in existing LOAs (e.g., imprecision and ambiguity). A fuzzy rule-based inference system and operational criteria for auto- mation are used to quantify and express the logical sequence in the levels of automa- tion. More specifically, LOAs in MASS are defined based on LOAs in operational tasks and functions. Our approach offers a universal language to express the LOAs in MASS, thus meaningfully operationalizing an abstract concept.

• Poornikoo, Mehdi & Qureshi, Muhammad Azeem (2019). System dynamics modeling with fuzzy logic application to mitigate the bullwhip effect in supply chains. Journal of Modelling in Management. ISSN 1746-5664. 14(3), p. 610–627. doi: 10.1108/JM2-04-2018-0045. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A plethora of studies focused on the cause and solutions for the bullwhip effect, and consequently many have successfully experimented to dampen the effect. However, the feasibility of such studies and the actual contribution for supply chain performance are yet up for debate. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing a holistic system-based perspective and proposes a fuzzy logic decision-making implementation for a single-product, three-echelon and multi-period supply chain system to mitigate such effect.

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• Edvoll, Maud Clemson; Folstad, Siri Hausland; Eftedal, Nikolai Haahjem; Poornikoo, Mehdi; Fang, Yuan & Ystrom, Eivind [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2026). Conference poster; A Norwegian curriculum reform: Effects for 10th graders’ academic performance. Full text in Research Archive

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