Inge Amlien

• Iakunchykova, Olena; Pan, Mengyu; Amlien, Inge; Roe, James Michael; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Genetic evidence for the causal effects of C–reactive protein on self-reported habitual sleep duration. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health (BBI - Health). ISSN 2666-3546. 37. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100754.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge; Sørensen, Øystein; Wang, Yunpeng & Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2023). Fetal influence on the human brain through the lifespan. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 12. doi: 10.7554/eLife.86812.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sørensen, Øystein; Wang, Yunpeng; Amlien, Inge; Baaré, William F. C. & Bartrés-Faz, David [Show all 24 contributors for this article] (2023). No phenotypic or genotypic evidence for a link between sleep duration and brain atrophy. Nature Human Behaviour. ISSN 2397-3374. 7, p. 2008–2022. doi: 10.1038/s41562-023-01707-5. Full text in Research Archive
• Roe, James Michael; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Amlien, Inge; Pan, Mengyu; Sneve, Markus Handal & de Schotten, Michel Thiebaut [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2023). Tracing the development and lifespan change of population-level structural asymmetry in the cerebral cortex. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 12, p. 1–32. doi: 10.7554/eLife.84685.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sørensen, Øystein; Wang, Yunpeng; Amlien, Inge; Baaré, William F C & Bartrés-Faz, David [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2023). Is Short Sleep Bad for the Brain? Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Short Sleepers. Journal of Neuroscience. ISSN 0270-6474. 43(28), p. 5241–5250. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2330-22.2023. Full text in Research Archive
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Nyberg, Lars; Lindenberger, Ulman; Amlien, Inge; Sørensen, Øystein & Wang, Yunpeng [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2022). Brain aging differs with cognitive ability regardless of education. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 12(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17727-6.
• Wang, Yunpeng; Grydeland, Håkon; Roe, James Michael; Pan, Mengyu; Magnussen, Fredrik & Amlien, Inge [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2021). Associations of circulating C-reactive proteins, APOE ε4, and brain markers for Alzheimer’s disease in healthy samples across the lifespan. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. ISSN 0889-1591. 100. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.008. Full text in Research Archive
• Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Wang, Yunpeng; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge; Baaré, William FC & Bartres-Faz, David [Show all 31 contributors for this article] (2021). Individual variations in ‘brain age’ relate to early-life factors more than to longitudinal brain change. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 10. doi: 10.7554/eLife.69995. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Grydeland, Håkon; Wang, Yunpeng; Amlien, Inge; Bartrés-Faz, David & Brandmaier, Andreas M. [Show all 24 contributors for this article] (2021). The genetic organization of longitudinal subcortical volumetric change is stable throughout the lifespan running title: Genetics of subcortical lifespan change. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 10, p. 1–22. doi: 10.7554/eLife.66466. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Development and aging of the cerebral cortex show similar topographic organization and are governed by the same genes. It is unclear whether the same is true for subcortical regions, which follow fundamentally different ontogenetic and phylogenetic principles. We tested the hypothesis that genetically governed neurodevelopmental processes can be traced throughout life by assessing to which degree brain regions that develop together continue to change together through life. Analyzing over 6000 longitudinal MRIs of the brain, we used graph theory to identify five clusters of coordinated development, indexed as patterns of correlated volumetric change in brain structures. The clusters tended to follow placement along the cranial axis in embryonic brain development, suggesting continuity from prenatal stages, and correlated with cognition. Across independent longitudinal datasets, we demonstrated that developmental clusters were conserved through life. Twin-based genetic correlations revealed distinct sets of genes governing change in each cluster. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms-based analyses of 38,127 cross-sectional MRIs showed a similar pattern of genetic volume–volume correlations. In conclusion, coordination of subcortical change adheres to fundamental principles of lifespan continuity and genetic organization.

• Walhovd, Kristine Beate; Fjell, Anders Martin; Wang, Yunpeng; Amlien, Inge; Mowinckel, Athanasia Monika & Lindenberger, Ulman [Show all 29 contributors for this article] (2021). Education and income show heterogeneous relationships to lifespan brain and cognitive differences across European and US cohorts. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 32(4), p. 839–854. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhab248. Full text in Research Archive
• Sun, Jiangming; Wang, Yunpeng; Folkersen, Lasse; Borne, Yan; Amlien, Inge & Buil, Alfonso [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2021). Translating polygenic risk scores for clinical use by estimating the confidence bounds of risk prediction. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25014-7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A promise of genomics in precision medicine is to provide individualized genetic risk pre- dictions. Polygenic risk scores (PRS), computed by aggregating effects from many genomic variants, have been developed as a useful tool in complex disease research. However, the application of PRS as a tool for predicting an individual’s disease susceptibility in a clinical setting is challenging because PRS typically provide a relative measure of risk evaluated at the level of a group of people but not at individual level. Here, we introduce a machine-learning technique, Mondrian Cross-Conformal Prediction (MCCP), to estimate the confidence bounds of PRS-to-disease-risk prediction. MCCP can report disease status conditional probability value for each individual and give a prediction at a desired error level. Moreover, with a user-defined prediction error rate, MCCP can estimate the proportion of sample (coverage) with a correct prediction.

• Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Mowinckel, Athanasia Monika; Sederevicius, Donatas; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm & Wang, Yunpeng [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2021). Relationships between apparent cortical thickness and working memory across the lifespan - Effects of genetics and socioeconomic status. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. ISSN 1878-9293. 51, p. 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100997.
• Esteban, Oscar; Ciric, Rastko; Finc, Karolina; Blair, Ross W.; Markiewicz, Christopher J. & Moodie, Craig A. [Show all 27 contributors for this article] (2020). Analysis of task-based functional MRI data preprocessed with fMRIPrep. Nature Protocols. ISSN 1754-2189. 15(7), p. 2186–2202. doi: 10.1038/s41596-020-0327-3.
• Hofer, Edith; Roshchupkin, Gennady V.; Adams, Hieab H H; Knol, Maria J.; Lin, Honghuang & Li, Shuo [Show all 51 contributors for this article] (2020). Genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical structure in general population samples of 22,824 adults. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18367-y. Full text in Research Archive
• Grasby, Katrina L.; Jahanshad, Neda; Painter, Jodie N; Colodro-Conde, Lucía; Bralten, Janita & Hibar, DP [Show all 50 contributors for this article] (2020). The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 367(6484). doi: 10.1126/science.aay6690. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  INTRODUCTION The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities. Variations in human cortical surface area and thickness are associated with neurological, psychological, and behavioral traits and can be measured in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies in model organisms have identified genes that influence cortical structure, but little is known about common genetic variants that affect human cortical structure. RATIONALE To identify genetic variants associated with human cortical structure at both global and regional levels, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain MRI data from 51,665 individuals across 60 cohorts. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 cortical regions with known functional specializations. RESULTS We identified 306 nominally genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8) associated with cortical structure in a discovery sample of 33,992 participants of European ancestry. Of the 299 loci for which replication data were available, 241 loci influencing surface area and 14 influencing thickness remained significant after replication, with 199 loci passing multiple testing correction (P < 8.3 × 10−10; 187 influencing surface area and 12 influencing thickness). Common genetic variants explained 34% (SE = 3%) of the variation in total surface area and 26% (SE = 2%) in average thickness; surface area and thickness showed a negative genetic correlation (rG = −0.32, SE = 0.05, P = 6.5 × 10−12), which suggests that genetic influences have opposing effects on surface area and thickness. Bioinformatic analyses showed that total surface area is influenced by genetic variants that alter gene regulatory activity in neural progenitor cells during fetal development. By contrast, average thickness is influenced by active regulatory elements in adult brain samples, which may reflect processes that occur after mid-fetal development, such as myelination, branching, or pruning. When considered together, these results support the radial unit hypothesis that different developmental mechanisms promote surface area expansion and increases in thickness. To identify specific genetic influences on individual cortical regions, we controlled for global measures (total surface area or average thickness) in the regional analyses. After multiple testing correction, we identified 175 loci that influence regional surface area and 10 that influence regional thickness. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, which is known to influence areal identity. We observed significant positive genetic correlations and evidence of bidirectional causation of total surface area with both general cognitive functioning and educational attainment. We found additional positive genetic correlations between total surface area and Parkinson’s disease but did not find evidence of causation. Negative genetic correlations were evident between total surface area and insomnia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive symptoms, major depressive disorder, and neuroticism. CONCLUSION This large-scale collaborative work enhances our understanding of the genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex and its regional patterning. The highly polygenic architecture of the cortex suggests that distinct genes are involved in the development of specific cortical areas. Moreover, we find evidence that brain structure is a key phenotype along the causal pathway that leads from genetic variation to differences in general cognitive function.

• Walhovd, Kristine B; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Schrantee, Anouk; Rohani, Darius Adam; Groote, Inge Rasmus & Bjørnerud, Atle [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). Methylphenidate effects on cortical thickness in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Neuroradiology. ISSN 0195-6108. 41(5), p. 758–765. doi: 10.3174/AJNR.A6560. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract Background and purpose: Although methylphenidate is frequently used to treat children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is currently unknown how methylphenidate affects brain development. In a randomized controlled trial, we investigated whether the cortical effects of methylphenidate are modulated by age. Materials and methods: Between June 1, 2011, and June 15, 2015, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Effects of Psychotropic Drugs on Developing Brain-Methylphenidate) in 99 males with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, criteria) from referral centers in the greater Amsterdam area in the Netherlands. The trial was registered on March 24, 2011 (identifier NL34509.000.10) and subsequently at the Netherlands National Trial Register (identifier NTR3103). Participants (first enrolled October 13, 2011) were 10-12 years or 23-40 years of age and randomized to treatment with either methylphenidate or a placebo for 16 weeks. Our main outcome was a change in cortical thickness in predefined ROIs as measured by MR imaging pre- and posttreatment. Results: We observed a time × medication × age interaction (F[1,88.825] = 4.316, P < .05) for the right medial cortex ROI, where methylphenidate treatment yielded less cortical thinning in children, but not in adults or the placebo groups. Conclusions: Our finding that the effects of methylphenidate on right medial cortical thickness differ between children and adults infers that the drug affects gray matter development in this brain region. This warrants replication in larger groups with longer follow-up to determine whether this effect can also be observed in other cortical brain regions and whether it may have long-term consequences.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sørensen, Øystein; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Bartrés-Faz, David; Brandmaier, Andreas M. & Buchmann, Nikolaus [Show all 32 contributors for this article] (2020). Poor Self-Reported Sleep is Related to Regional Cortical Thinning in Aging but not Memory Decline-Results From the Lifebrain Consortium. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. p. 1–17. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa332. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  We examined whether sleep quality and quantity are associated with cortical and memory changes in cognitively healthy participants across the adult lifespan. Associations between self-reported sleep parameters (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) and longitudinal cortical change were tested using five samples from the Lifebrain consortium (n = 2205, 4363 MRIs, 18–92 years). In additional analyses, we tested coherence with cell-specific gene expression maps from the Allen Human Brain Atlas, and relations to changes in memory performance. “PSQI # 1 Subjective sleep quality” and “PSQI #5 Sleep disturbances” were related to thinning of the right lateral temporal cortex, with lower quality and more disturbances being associated with faster thinning. The association with “PSQI #5 Sleep disturbances” emerged after 60 years, especially in regions with high expression of genes related to oligodendrocytes and S1 pyramidal neurons. None of the sleep scales were related to a longitudinal change in episodic memory function, suggesting that sleep-related cortical changes were independent of cognitive decline. The relationship to cortical brain change suggests that self-reported sleep parameters are relevant in lifespan studies, but small effect sizes indicate that self-reported sleep is not a good biomarker of general cortical degeneration in healthy older adults.

• Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Sneve, Markus Handal; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Grydeland, Håkon; Mowinckel, Athanasia Monika & Roe, James Michael [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2020). The Functional Foundations of Episodic Memory Remain Stable Throughout the Lifespan. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa348. Full text in Research Archive
• Langnes, Espen; Sneve, Markus Handal; Sederevicius, Donatas; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2020). Anterior and posterior hippocampus macro‐ and microstructure across the lifespan in relation to memory—A longitudinal study. Hippocampus. ISSN 1050-9631. p. 1–15. doi: 10.1002/hipo.23189. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sørensen, Øystein; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Bartrés-Faz, David; Bros, Didac Macia & Buchmann, Nikolaus [Show all 28 contributors for this article] (2019). Self-reported sleep relates to hippocampal atrophy across the adult lifespan – results from the Lifebrain consortium. Sleep. ISSN 0161-8105. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz280. Full text in Research Archive
• Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Sneve, Markus Handal; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2019). Elaboration Benefits Source Memory Encoding Through Centrality Change. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 9(1), p. 1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39999-1. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Chen, Chi-Hua Chen; Sederevicius, Donatas; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon & Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2019). Continuity and discontinuity in human cortical development and change from embryonic stages to old age. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 29(9), p. 3879–3890. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy266. Full text in Research Archive
• Langnes, Espen; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Sneve, Markus Handal; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2018). Development and decline of the hippocampal long-axis specialization and differentiation during encoding and retrieval of episodic memories. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. p. 1–17. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy209. Full text in Research Archive
• Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Sneve, Markus Handal; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2018). The lifespan trajectory of the encoding-retrieval flip: A multimodal examination of medial parietal cortex contributions to episodic memory. Journal of Neuroscience. ISSN 0270-6474. 38(40), p. 8666–8679. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1702-17.2018. Full text in Research Archive
• Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Langnes, Espen; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2017). Decoupling of large-scale brain networks supports the consolidation of durable episodic memories. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 153, p. 336–345. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.048. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm & Yendiki, Anastasia [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Relationship between structural and functional connectivity change across the lifespan – a longitudinal investigation. Human Brain Mapping. ISSN 1065-9471. 38(1), p. 561–573. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23403. Full text in Research Archive
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Bartsch, Hauke; Bjørnerud, Atle & Due-Tønnessen, Paulina [Show all 22 contributors for this article] (2016). Neurodevelopmental origins of lifespan changes in brain and cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 113(33), p. 9357–9362. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1524259113. Full text in Research Archive
• Amlien, Inge; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe & Chaplin, Tristan A. [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2016). Organizing Principles of Human Cortical Development - Thickness and Area from 4 to 30 Years: Insights from Comparative Primate Neuroanatomy. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 26(1), p. 257–267. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu214.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Rohani, Darius Adam & Ferschmann, Lia [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2015). Development and aging of cortical thickness correspond to genetic organization patterns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 112(50), p. 15462–15467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1508831112. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  There is a growing realization that early life influences have lasting impact on brain function and structure. Recent research has demon- strated that genetic relationships in adults can be used to parcellate the cortex into regions of maximal shared genetic influence, and a major hypothesis is that genetically progr ammed neurodevel opmental events cause a lasting impact on the organization of the cerebral cortex observable decades later. Here we tested how developmental and lifespan changes in cortical thickness fit the underlying genetic organi- zational principles of co rtical thickness in a longitudinal sample of 974 participants between 4.1 and 88.5 y of age with a total of 1,633 scans, including 773 scans from children below 12 y. Genetic clustering of cortical thickness was based on an independent dataset of 406 adult twins. Developmental and adult age- related changes in cortical thick- ness followed closely the genetic organization of the cerebral cortex, with change rates varying as a functi on of genetic similarity between regions. Cortical regions with overlapping genetic architecture showed correlated development al and adult age change trajectories and vice versa for regions with low genetic overlap. Thus, effects of genes on regional variations in cortical thickness in middle age can be traced to regional differences in neurodevelopmental change rates and extrap- olated to further adult aging-related cortical thinning. This finding suggests that genetic factors contribute to cortical changes through life and calls for a lifespan perspective i n research aimed at identifying the genetic and environmental determinants of cortical development and aging.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Storsve, Andreas Berg; de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø & Amlien, Inge Kasbohm [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Functional connectivity change across multiple cortical networks relates to episodic memory changes in aging. Neurobiology of Aging. ISSN 0197-4580. 36(12), p. 3255–3268. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.08.020. Full text in Research Archive
• Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Nyberg, Lars; Bowles, Ben; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm & Langnes, Espen [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Mechanisms underlying encoding of short-lived versus durable episodic memories. Journal of Neuroscience. ISSN 0270-6474. 35(13), p. 5202–5212. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4434-14.2015. Full text in Research Archive
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Zeller, Bernward; Amlien, Inge; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Andersson, Stein & Due-Tønnessen, Paulina [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2015). Cortical surface area and thickness in adult survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. ISSN 1545-5009. 62(6), p. 1027–1034. doi: 10.1002/pbc.25386.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Tamnes, Christian Krog & Chaplin, Tristan [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). The roots of Alzheimer's disease: Are high-expanding cortical areas preferentially targeted? Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 25(9), p. 2556–2565. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu055. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon & Engvig, Andreas [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2015). High-expanding cortical regions in human development and evolution are related to higher intellectual abilities. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 25, p. 26–34. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht201. Full text in Research Archive
• Amlien, Inge & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neuroscience. ISSN 0306-4522. 276, p. 206–215. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.017.
• Strømmen, Kenneth; Blakstad, Elin Wahl; Moltu, Sissel; Almaas, Astrid; Westerberg, Ane Cecilie & Amlien, Inge [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2014). Enhanced Nutrient Supply to Very Low Birth Weight Infants is Associated with Improved White Matter Maturation and Head Growth. Neonatology. ISSN 1661-7800. 107(1), p. 68–75. doi: 10.1159/000368181.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas & Reinvang, Ivar [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2014). Accelerating cortical thinning: Unique to dementia or universal in aging? Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 24(4), p. 919–934. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs379.
• Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Grydeland, Håkon & Sulutvedt, Unni [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2014). Development of hippocampal subfield volumes from 4 to 22 years. Human Brain Mapping. ISSN 1065-9471. 35(11), p. 5646–5657. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22576. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas & Reinvang, Ivar [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2013). Critical ages in the life course of the adult brain: nonlinear subcortical aging. Neurobiology of Aging. ISSN 0197-4580. 34(10), p. 2239–2247. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.04.006. Full text in Research Archive
• Zeller, Bernward; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Amlien, Inge; Andersson, Stein & Due-Tønnessen, Paulina [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2013). Reduced Neuroanatomic Volumes in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Clinical Oncology. ISSN 0732-183X. 31, p. 2078–2085. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.47.4031.
• Amlien, Inge; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Selnes, Per; Stenset, Vidar & Grambaite, Ramune [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2013). Mild cognitive impairment: cerebrospinal fluid tau biomarker pathologic levels and longitudinal changes in white matter integrity. Radiology. ISSN 0033-8419. 266(1), p. 295–303. doi: 10.1148/radiol.12120319.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Watts, Richard; Amlien, Inge & Woodward, Lianne J. (2012). Neural Tract Development of Infants Born to Methadone-Maintained Mothers. Pediatric Neurology. ISSN 0887-8994. 47(1), p. 1–6. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneuro1.2012.04.008.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas & Reinvang, Ivar [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2012). Accelerating cortical thinning: Unique to dementia or universal in aging? Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs379.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). A multi-modal investigation of behavioral adjustment: Post-error slowing is associated with white matter characteristics. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 61(1), p. 195–205. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.007. Show summary

  When people make mistakes in speeded cognitive tasks, their response time on the next trial will typically be slower. This is referred to as post-error slowing (PES), and is important for optimization of performance, but its exact function remains to be decided. However, although PES is relatively stable over time, we have almost no knowledge about how PES is affected by structural brain characteristics. The aim of this study was to test to what extent white matter (WM) macro- and microstructure can account for individual differences in PES. PES was calculated for 255 healthy participants who performed a modified version of the Eriksen flanker task and underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). PES was positively related to WM volume in the caudal and rostral middle and superior frontal, medial orbitofrontal gyri and pars orbitalis. DTI analyses with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) showed that mean diffusivity in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation, as well as axial diffusivity in the corpus callosum, was negatively related to PES. Path analysis demonstrated that WM micro- and macrostructure were complementary in accounting for PES. It is concluded that individual differences in WM characteristics can partly explain why some people are better at adjusting their behavior in response to poor performance than others.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge & Walhovd, Kristine B (2011). Reduced white matter integrity is related to cognitive instability. Journal of Neuroscience. ISSN 0270-6474. 31(49), p. 18060–18072. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4735-11.2011. Show summary

  Increased performance variability has been demonstrated in several groups and conditions, including aging and cognitive decline. Structural brain characteristics underlying this phenomenon have so far been elusive. However, there is reason to expect that dis-connectivity in associative pathways, whether caused by immature or degraded white matter (WM) tracts, will increase performance variability by neural noise. The aim of this study was to test whether the quality of WM, measured by diffusion tensor imaging, is related to performance variability in healthy adults. Intra-individual standard deviation of the reaction time (sdRT) across trials and median reaction time (mRT) from 270 participants were obtained from a speeded continuous performance task (Eriksen flanker task) with two conditions (congruent, incongruent). Tract-based spatial statistics was used to test the relationship with diffusion characteristics [fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusion (MD), radial diffusion (RD), axial diffusion (AD)]. Robust relationships between sdRT and all diffusion measures were found in most WM areas, independently of mRT, age, and sex. The effects were anatomically more widespread in the congruent than the incongruent condition, covering almost 50% of the voxels for RD and MD, and >25% of the voxels for FA and AD. Partial betas were in the range 0.45- 0.55, and the strength of the relationships increased significantly with age. For mRT, the effects were smaller and unstable across condition. We concluded that performance variability is a likely consequence of individual differences in WM integrity, and that it is a promising behavioral correlate of individual differences in WM microstructure.

• Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar & Raz, Naftali [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2011). Consistent neuroanatomical age-related volume differences across multiple samples. Neurobiology of Aging. ISSN 0197-4580. 32(5), p. 916–932. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.013. Show summary

  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the principal method for studying structural age-related brain changes in vivo. However, previous research has yielded inconsistent results, precluding understanding of structural changes of the aging brain. This inconsistency is due to methodological differences and/or different aging patterns across samples. To overcome these problems, we tested age effects on 17 different neuroanatomical structures and total brain volume across five samples, of which one was split to further investigate consistency (883 participants). Widespread age-related volume differences were seen consistently across samples. In four of the five samples, all structures, except the brainstem, showed age-related volume differences. The strongest and most consistent effects were found for cerebral cortex, pallidum, putamen and accumbens volume. Total brain volume, cerebral white matter, caudate, hippocampus and the ventricles consistently showed non-linear age functions. Healthy aging appears associated with more widespread and consistent age-related neuroanatomical volume differences than previously believed.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Stenset, Vidar; Fladby, Tormod & Skinningsrud, Anders [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2010). CSF biomarker pathology correlates with a medial temporo-parietal network affected by very mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease but not a fronto-striatal network affected by healthy aging. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 49(2), p. 1820–1830. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.029.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Grambaite, Ramune; Stenset, Vidar Tveit Vasfaret & Bjørnerud, Atle [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2009). Multimodal imaging in mild cognitive impairment: Metabolism, morphometry and diffusion of the temporal-parietal memory network. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. 45(1), p. 215–223. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.053.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar & Raz, Naftali [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2009). Minute Effects of Sex on the Aging Brain: A Multisample Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Neuroscience. ISSN 0270-6474. 29(27), p. 8774–8783. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0115-09.2009.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar & Raz, Naftali [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2009). High Consistency of Regional Cortical Thinning in Aging across Multiple Samples. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 19(9), p. 2001–2012. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhn232.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Walhovd, Kristine B (2009). Mini-Mental State Examination Is Sensitive to Brain Atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. ISSN 1420-8008. 28(3), p. 252–258. doi: 10.1159/000241878.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Grambaite, Ramune; Stenset, Vidar Tveit Vasfaret & Bjørnerud, Atle [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2008). Multimodal imaging in mild cognitive impairment: Metabolism. morphometry and diffusion of the temporal-parietal memory network. NeuroImage. ISSN 1053-8119. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.053.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Amlien, Inge; Bjørnerud, Atle; Reinvang, Ivar & Gjerstad, Leif [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2008). Morphometric changes in the episodic memory network and tau pathologic features correlate with memory performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment. American Journal of Neuroradiology. ISSN 0195-6108. 29, p. 1183–1189. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1059.

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• Zeller, Bernward; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Andersson, Stein & Due-Tønnessen, Paulina [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2014). Response to A.A.M. van der Veldt et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology. ISSN 0732-183X. 32(8), p. 852–853. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.52.5725.
• Strømmen, Kenneth; Blakstad, Elin Wahl; Moltu, Sissel; Almaas, Astrid; Amlien, Inge & Rønnestad, Arild Erlend [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2013). Enhanced Nutrition to very low birth weight infants improves nutrition of cerebral connective tracts.
• Strømmen, Kenneth; Blakstad, Elin Wahl; Moltu, Sissel; Almaas, Astrid; Westerberg, Ane Cecilie & Amlien, Inge [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2012). Enhanced Nutrition to Very Low Birth Weight Infants Improves Maturation of Cerebral Connective Tracts.
• Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Andersson, Stein; Zeller, Bernward; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B & Westlye, Lars Tjelta [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2012). Neurocognitive function is reduced in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy only - but poorer performance is not associated with higher treatment burden. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. ISSN 1545-5009. 59(6), p. 1106–1106.

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