Hilde Eileen Nafstad

Nafstad, H. E. (2002). The neo liberal ideology and the self interest paradigm as resistance to change. Journal of Radical Psychology, 3, 3-21.

Nafstad, H. E., Blakar, R. M., Botchway, A. & Rand Hendriksen, K. (2009). Globalization, ideologies and well being: a study of a West African and a North-European society. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 305-315.
 

Nafstad, H. E., Blakar, R. M., Carlquist, E., Phelps, J. M. & Rand Hendriksen, K. (2009). Globalization, neo liberalism and community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 43, 162-175.
 

Nafstad, H. E., Blakar, R. M., Carlquist, E., Phelps, J. M. & Rand Hendriksen, K. (2007). Ideology and power: The influence of current neo-liberalism in society. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 17, 313-327.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Brodahl, Morten; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2026). How to co-create context-sensitive analyses of health service experiences: proposed guidelines for contextualist collaborative thematic analyses with co-researchers. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. ISSN 1748-2623. 21(1). doi: 10.1080/17482631.2026.2673592. Full text in Research Archive
• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Tømmervik, Kristin; Brodahl, Morten & Ness, Ottar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Psychological Sense of Community in Recovery Processes of Emerging and Older Adults: Ideological Antecedents and Implications for Public Health. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. ISSN 1052-9284. 35(1). doi: 10.1002/casp.70029. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Across the world, governments are struggling to help people recover from substance use problems. Due to their particular risk factors, two age groups are of special interest to public health: emerging adults and older adults. Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is a key dimension in their recovery. Yet, to develop context-sensitive and effective strategies tailored for these groups, there is a need to understand their discourses of PSOC as situated within their context. This study offers a multi-level and comparative analysis of discourses of PSOC for 21 emerging adults and 23 older adults recovering within the same context. Using a discourse analytic tool and a comparative approach ideological impacts on the two groups' discourses of PSOC were identified. Both groups' discourses suggest that achieving and maintaining PSOC in recovery is challenging within a developing neo-liberal context. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate differences between the two groups' with respect to (a) the particular impact of ideologies, (b) sources for PSOC in recovery and (c) challenges in community participation. The article builds on the findings to suggest strategies targeting the two groups. Please refer to the Supporting Information section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Øversveen, Emil Mortensrud; Brodahl, Morten & Ness, Ottar [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). How older adults recovering from substance use problems experience mattering. BMC Health Services Research. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-10413-x. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim: Mattering is a fundamental human experience promoting crucial components to later-life recovery processes. Today, the largest population of older adult persons with substance use problems, so far, is on a steep rise in many Western countries. To tailor and offer substance use services promoting mattering, more knowledge about later life mattering of older adults recovering with the assistance of substance use services is needed. This study aims to explore conditions for, and experiences of, mattering in older adults in service-assisted recovery from substance use problems. Methods: A collaborative and deductive reflexive thematic approach was applied in analysing 23 interviews with participants using substance use services in their recovery processes from different substance use problems: alcohol, medication and illegal substances. The participants were recruited from three different Norwegian contexts: two urban and one medium size municipality. The age of the sample ranged from 65-80 years, with approximately equal numbers for those aged 60-69 (12 participants) and 70-80 (11 participants). Seven participants were women and 16 men. Results: Two main themes were identified in the data: “Conditions for later life mattering” and “Experiences of mattering from community relationships and own actions”. The findings illustrate various conditions for mattering and experiences of mattering and not mattering in later life recovery processes. Conclusions: Several participants experienced not mattering; promoted by lack of support, disrespect and devaluation and loss of relationships, but also being ignored and not receiving fair treatment and help by service professionals. Overall, the participants’ mattering depended on fair and healthy community relationships; fair distribution of resources such as affordable housing, accessible transportation, and fair organizational structures where participants could feel valued and also have a chance themselves to add value to others. Several practical implications to enhance the therapeutic and preventive potentials of later life mattering in recovery are suggested.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Øversveen, Emil Mortensrud; Brodahl, Morten; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Landheim, Anne Signe [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Multiple psychological senses of community and community influences on personal recovery processes from substance use problems in later life: a collaborative and deductive reflexive thematic analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. ISSN 1748-2623. 18(1). doi: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2190200. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose: There is a pressing need for substance use services to know more about how to promote recovery from substance use problems, particularly in later life. Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is an important recovery dimension. This study aims to clarify in what ways PSOC and communities influence later life recovery processes. Method: A collaborative and deductive reflexive thematic approach was used to analyse 23 interviews with older adults in recovery from different substance use problems. Results: The findings suggest that PSOC and recovery in later life include multiple communities (relational, geographical, substance use-related, ideal and service-related) and affective states (PSOC and NPSOC). Older adults' recovery, moreover, can be described as personal and heterogenic (with respect to community relationships, individual needs, type of substance use problem, age of onset and meaningful activities). Conclusions: The findings confirm age of onset, type of substance use problem and community memberships as essential to later life recovery. They also supplement prior evidence on community resources and challenges to later life recovery. Importantly, the new findings extend and nuance current understandings of later life recovery. Taken together, the article illustrates MPSOC as a useful concept, with central practical and theoretical implications for later life recovery.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Øversveen, Emil; Brodahl, Morten; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Ness, Ottar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). In what ways do emerging adults with substance use problems experience their communities as influencing their personal recovery processes? Journal of Community Psychology. ISSN 0090-4392. 50(7), p. 3070–3100. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22816. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Applying the multiple psychological sense of community concept (MPSOC), this study explored how emerging adults with substance use problems experience the influences of various senses of community and communities on their personal recovery processes. Semi-structured interviews with 21 emerging adults from different urban contexts in Norway were analysed using a collaborative, seven-step, deductive, and reflexive thematic approach. MPSOC is shown to be a key concept for achieving a broad, in-depth understanding of emerging adults' senses of community and personal experiences of community influences on recovery processes from substance use. Positive and negative senses of community in geographical, relational, substance use-related and ideal communities influence the potentials and challenges in emerging adults' recovery processes. Supportive and motivating community relationships, meaningful activities with peers, and distance from recovery-impeding communities were identified as important recovery components. To promote recovery and prevent substance use in emerging adults, community approaches and tools applied in substance use treatment have to take into account and utilise multidimensional and age group-specific aspects of belonging.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Langvik, Eva Oddrun (2022). Living in the Era of an Ideological Climate of Globalisation: A Study of Psychological Sense of Community Among Young and Older Adults in Two Cultures (India and Norway). Challenges for Community Psychology and the Applied Social Sciences. In Ness, Ottar; Martino, Salvatore Di & Prilleltensky, Isaac (Ed.), Psychology for the Common Good: The Interdependence of Citizenship, Justice, and Well-being Across the Globe. Frontiers Media S.A.. ISSN 9782832504437. doi: 10.3389/978-2-83250-443-7. Full text in Research Archive
• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Langvik, Eva (2021). Living in the Era of an Ideological Climate of Globalisation: A Study of Psychological Sense of Community Among Young and Older Adults in Two Cultures (India and Norway). Challenges for Community Psychology and the Applied Social Sciences. Frontiers in Psychology. 12(3084), p. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718190. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  How do people describe the psychological sense of community (PSOC) in the present day ideological climate of globalising neo-liberalism, assuming that people are essentially individualistic, that solidarity, social commitment, and citizenship are not natural dispositions, as we all are the lonely citizen? This issue is addressed by a mixed-methods study using semi-structured interviews with two age groups—young and older people—from two different cultures—India (Mumbai) and Norway (Oslo). This two by two design gives the opportunity to analyse people’s meaning systems of PSOC, asking; is there a core meaning system of PSOC shared by people within as well as across cultures? Belongingness and citizenship are continuously formed and negotiated, just at the intersection of two dimensions: culture and historical time. The young and older adult informants often live in different “historical times.” The meaning systems of PSOC were explored and compared by language analyses of words used by the informants. Text search queries were made for 69 words. “Help,”, “care,” “different,” “problem,” and “family” were identified as central for further in-depth qualitative analyses. The word, “family” demonstrated high frequencies of use across sub-samples. There was nothing more relevant for the groups than the family when thinking of PSOC, revealing almost a “prior to society perspective.” PSOC is about being part of families. Simultaneously, we are members of other communities: schools, workplaces, neighborhoods, cities and nations. The informants mentioned such communities, but not often. Feeling part of the family, helping and caring not only the family but also your neighbourhood, local community, or national and global communities are particularly necessary today, as we live in a time where communities, societies, and nations across the world are heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this crisis, it is vital that nobody forgets that we are national and transnational citizens and part of many interrelated social systems. This study points out how community psychology and the applied social sciences can work to strengthen the feelings of connections to other communities, societies, and nations outlining and co-creating transformative multi-level interventions of public policy programmes of inclusion and “we-ness.”

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Landheim, Anne; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Brodahl, Morten (2021). Mapping, assessing and promoting multiple psychological senses of community (MPSOC) through clinical pathways for treating substance use problems. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (NAD). ISSN 1455-0725. p. 1–18. doi: 10.1177/1455072520985976. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim: The recent nationally implemented clinical pathways for the treatment of substance use problems in Norway require mapping and assessing of patients’ needs, challenges, and resources. However, there is a lack of tools for systematically mapping and assessing patients’ social situations and social networks as part of the national guidelines. The aim of this article is to present a tool developed to map and assess the patient’s social situation, and to propose approaches for promoting multiple psychological senses of community (MPSOC) through clinical pathways for treating substance use problems. Methods: The proposed tool and approaches are developed based on findings in a previous in-depth collaborative study of MPSOC and recovery among people with substance use problems who received help and services from Norwegian municipalities. Findings: The findings suggest that multiple communities (geographical, relational and ideal) and senses of communities (within and outside treatment) simultaneously can influence individual recovery processes from problematic substance use in both positive as well as negative ways. As such, these community dimensions are of central importance to include in mapping and assessing of patients’ social situations, as well as in the promotion of MPSOC through clinical pathways. Conclusions: The suggested tool and approaches can increase the likelihood of achieving key aims of the national clinical pathways. Most important, mapping, assessing and promoting MPSOC through clinical pathways may promote long-term recovery processes and positive recovery capital for persons with substance use problems. Keywords clinical pathway, multiple psychological senses of community, recovery process, substance use problem, substance use service

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Landheim, Anne & Brodahl, Morten (2019). Multiple senses of community and recovery processes. A pilot study for a national evaluation of the experiences of persons with substance use problems receiving help and services from Norwegian municipalities. Journal of Community Psychology. ISSN 0090-4392. 47, p. 1399–1418. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22194. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aims This pilot study uses a multifaceted concept of sense of community (SOC)—multiple senses of community (MPSOC)—to understand how the multiple communities of persons with substance use problems, including those with a positive, negative and neutral SOC, influence processes of substance use recovery. Methods Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 informants from different Norwegian municipalities and regions. A collaborative research design and thematic analyses with a peer researcher were applied. Results The findings confirm prior findings of key ingredients related to recovery. However, they also illustrate that for communities to promote recovery, they need to fulfil individual needs, provide distance from pretreatment status, identity and roles and harmonise with individual meaning systems of an ideal community. Conclusion Experiences of positive and negative community connections within geographical, relational and ideal communities take part in recovery processes. Community participation is suggested to be included in individual outpatient treatment and posttreatment plans.

• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Geirdal, Amy Østertun (2017). Responsibility for Psychological Sense of Community and Well-Being in Old Age: A Qualitative Study of Urban Older Adults in Norway. Open Journal of Social Sciences. 5, p. 321–338. doi: 10.4236/jss.2017.57020. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The purpose of the present study is to explore older adults’ understanding and conceptualizations of the concept “psychological sense of community” (PSOC) as experiences of belonging and being part of seem to be important in old age. Twelve older informants from Oslo (the capital of Norway) were interviewed. A thematic and discourse analytical approach was used to identify and depict the most central themes in the older adults’ meaning of PSOC in-depth and in relation to context. The findings show that there are important parts of Norwegian older adults’ meanings of PSOC that goes beyond dimensions included in the predominant conceptualization of PSOC. “Individual responsibility for PSOC in old age”, identified as the most salient theme, reflects core Norwegian cultural values and provides new insight to premises of PSOC and well-being in old age. Furthermore, the findings in this Scandinavian sample extend the understanding of older adults’ efforts to maintain their PSOC and well-being through life-changing transitions.

• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Ulleberg, Pål; Fave, Antonella Delle & Phelps, Joshua (2017). Well-being vocabulary in media language: An analysis of changing word usage in Norwegian newspapers. Journal of Positive Psychology. ISSN 1743-9760. 12(2), p. 99–109. doi: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1163411. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Well-being is a widely discussed topic in research, policy, and media. This study was aimed at examining usage patterns of core terminology related to well-being in Norwegian newspapers during the past two decades. Specifically, we investigated occurrence across time of 39 words describing well-being facets from four theoretical perspectives: affective approaches, cognitive or life satisfaction approaches, eudaimonic and humanistic approaches, and character strengths. Four major newspapers were selected in order to capture sociocultural and regional variation. Evidence of significant changes in usage frequency was detected for about half of the search terms. Affective words showed variable trends, while usage of words referring to satisfaction declined. The most notable magnitude of change concerned the increase in eudaimonic words related to mastery, motivation, and self-development. Findings suggest that core vocabulary of well-being belongs to a changeable field of linguistic practice. Implications for positive psychology are proposed. This research has been published in the Journal of Positive Psychology. © 2016 Taylor & Francis

• Carlquist, Erik; Ulleberg, Pål; Fave, Antonella Delle; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2017). Everyday Understandings of Happiness, Good Life, and Satisfaction: Three Different Facets of Well-being. Applied Research in Quality of Life. ISSN 1871-2584. 12(2), p. 481–505. doi: 10.1007/s11482-016-9472-9. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The need for increasing conceptual clarity within well-being research has been stressed by social scientists as well as policymakers and international organizations. The present study aimed to identify and compare conceptual structures of the everyday terms happiness, a good life, and satisfaction, based on a semi-stratified sample of Norwegian adults. Findings indicate that these terms share certain conceptual similarities, as used in everyday Norwegian language. For each term, it was possible to identify an underlying structure of conceptual configuration, articulated into external life domain components and internal, psychological dimensions. Relationship themes were prominent among the external domains for all three terms. Findings indicated that in Norwegian participants’ understanding, happiness and good life were highly inclusive of external life domains, whereas satisfaction primarily evoked associations to internal, psychological states and experiences. Latent class analyses highlighted differences among socio-demographic groups as concerns the degree to which different conceptualizations of the three terms were endorsed. Findings raise questions about the practice, relatively common in the applied social sciences, of treating happiness, good life and satisfaction as highly similar concepts, and the assumption that each term carries the same meaning for everyone. This research has been published in Applied Research in Quality of Life. © 2016 Springer Verlag

• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2017). Understanding Satisfaction: An Analysis of the Meaning Potential of the Word "Satisfaction" in Everyday Norwegian Language. Journal of Happiness Studies. ISSN 1389-4978. 19(4), p. 939–959. doi: 10.1007/s10902-017-9854-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Satisfaction with life is often considered to be a component of or a synonym for subjective well-being. However, the meaning of “satisfaction” is rarely discussed in the scientific literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the meaning potential of the Norwegian term for satisfaction (tilfredshet). A conceptual analysis was conducted based on the qualitative responses of 276 Norwegian adults to the question “What is satisfaction for you?” Based on principles of thematic analysis, text data units were examined to develop a framework of recurrent themes and superordinate categories. The analysis demonstrated that the word “satisfaction” in everyday Norwegian language does not unequivocally point toward a unitary, clear-cut affective or evaluative phenomenon. Instead, its meaning potential was found to include material, physiological and interpersonal conditions, activities, internal psychological states, and circumstances and contexts of well-being, connected by temporal and causal assumptions. In addition to hedonic understandings, eudaimonic and processual conceptualizations of satisfaction were identified. Findings support a conceptual co-existence of satisfaction as satisficing (conditions evaluated as good enough) and as more optimal fulfilment (conditions evaluated as good). Further qualitative studies of conceptual understanding across cultural contexts and languages are recommended. This research has been published in the Journal of Happiness Studies. © 2017 Springer Verlag

• Fave, Antonella Delle; Brdar, I; Wissing, Marie P.; Araujo, Ulisses; Solano, Ada & Freire, Teresa [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2016). Lay definitions of happiness across nations: The primacy of inner harmony and relational connectedness. Frontiers in Psychology. 7. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00030. Full text in Research Archive
• Türken, Salman; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Phelps, Joshua (2016). Youth's future orientation and well-being: Materialism and concerns with education and career among Turkish and Norwegian youth. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies. 7, p. 472–497. doi: 10.18357/ijcyfs73-4201616175. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2016). Individ, relasjoner, kontekst og sosiale fellesskap. In Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Bruer, Erlend Sand (Ed.), Morgendagen har nye muligheter. Samfunnsstraff og andre intervensjoner for ungdom og unge voksne.. John Grieg forlag. ISSN 9788253303406. p. 9–16. Full text in Research Archive
• Türken, Salman; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Roen, Katrina (2016). Making Sense of Neoliberal Subjectivity: A Discourse Analysis of Media Language on Self-development. Globalizations. ISSN 1474-7731. 13(1), p. 32–46. doi: 10.1080/14747731.2015.1033247. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2013). Community-psykologi: Lokalt og globalt :. Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening (Psykologtidsskriftet). ISSN 0332-6470. 50(5), p. 419–425. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde; Blakar, Rolv; Botchway, Albert; Bruer, Erlend; Filkukova, Petra & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2012). Communal Values and Individualism in Our Era of Globalization: a Comparative Longitudinal Study of Three Different Societies. p. 51–69. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2012). Towards a psychology for a humankind and a planet under mutiple threats: A social psychology of ideology. In Valentim, Joaquim Pires (Eds.), Societal Approaches in Social Psychology. Peter Lang Publishing Group. ISSN 9783034304559. p. 61–80. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Botchway, Albert; Bruer, Erlend Sand; Filkukova, Petra & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2012). Communal values and individualism in our era of globalization: A comparative study of three different societies. In Knoop, Henrik H. & Fave, Antonella Delle (Ed.), Well-Being and Culture: Cross-Cultural Advancements in Positive Psychology. Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. ISSN 9789400746114. p. 51–69. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-4611-4_4. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2012). From an individualized to a societal social psychology: Ideology and ideological changes as reflected in language usage. Annual Review of Critical Psychology. 10, p. 741–755. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In our article we will first briefly review developments within critical psychology in Norway in the years after we prepared a review for Annual Review of Critical Psychology (in 2006). The substantial part of the article, however, will be an analysis and critical discussion of social psychology based on the assumption that social psychology (and the other social sciences) has a moral obligation to contribute in resolving pressing problems of our time; problems representing real threats to mankind and life on our planet (such as pollution and climate change, terrorism, poverty and unjust distribution of goods in an era of globalization, etc). These pressing problems of our time are somehow related to or even anchored in the currently globalizing ideology of neoliberalism. Our conclusion on this analysis will be that this assumption demands a social psychology rather different from the currently predominant experimental and laboratory based social psychology which individualizes the social. In particular, social psychology has to take the concept of ideology – a concept which is currently ignored or even excluded in mainstream social psychology - into consideration if social psychology is going to contribute to resolve challenging problems of our time (as they all carry ideological implications). Annual review of critical psychology 10: Critical Psychology in a Changing World: Building Bridges and Expanding the Dialogue, Pages 741-755. http://www.discourseunit.com/annual-review/

• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2012). Ideology and social psychology. Social & Personality Psychology Compass. 6, p. 282–294. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00428.x. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2012). Symbolic Boundaries and Ideology in the Norwegian Multicultural Society: A Longitudinal Study of Public Discourse. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. ISSN 1052-9284. 22(3), p. 187–205. doi: 10.1002/casp.1126. Full text in Research Archive
• Roen, Katrina; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2011). ‘Disappearing’ transsexuals? Norwegian trans-discourses, visibility, and diversity. Psykologisk tidsskrift. ISSN 1501-7508. p. 28–33. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2010). Society, globalizing ideologies and critical psychology. Connected. Newsletter of the International Society of Critical Health psychology.. 1(3), p. 4–4. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Carlquist, Erik (2009). Community psychology in Norway: Changing conditions and new challenges. Forum Gemeindepsychologie. ISSN 1430-094X. 14(2), p. 1–15. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2009). Introduksjon til fellesskap og individualisme. In Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (Ed.), Fellesskap og individualisme. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISSN 9788205384811. p. 13–17. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). Individualisme og fellesskapsverdier i dagens norske samfunn. In Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (Ed.), Fellesskap og individualisme. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISSN 9788205384811. p. 149–164. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2009). Ideologier om fellesskapsordninger i en nyliberalistisk tid. In Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (Ed.), Fellesskap og individualisme. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISSN 9788205384811. p. 135–148. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik; Phelps, Joshua Marvle & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). Globalization, Neo-Liberalism and Community Psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology. ISSN 0091-0562. 43(1-2), p. 162–175. doi: 10.1007/s10464-008-9216-6. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Botchway, Albert & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). Globalization, ideologies and well-being: a study of a West-African and a North-European society. Journal of Positive Psychology. ISSN 1743-9760. p. 305-315–305-315. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). The spirit of society and the virtue of gratitude: Shifting societal ideologies of gratitude. In Freire, Teresa (Eds.), Understanding positive life. Research and practice on positive psychology. Climepsi Editores. ISSN 9789727963102. p. 291–312. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2008). Assumptions and values about human suffering in research and practice: Towards and area ethics in psychology. In Robinson, Simon & Strain, John (Ed.), Ethics for Living and Working. Troubador Publishing Ltd. ISSN 9781848760028. p. 52–63. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik; Phelps, Joshua Marvle & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2007). Ideology and power: The influence of current neo-liberalism in society. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. ISSN 1052-9284. 17, p. 313–327. doi: 10.1002/casp.931. Full text in Research Archive
• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2007). Community Psychology in a Scandinavian Welfare State: The Case of Norway. In Reich, Stephanie; Riemer, Manuel; Prilleltensky, Isaac & Montero, Maritza (Ed.), International Community Psychology. History and theories. Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. ISSN 9780387494999. p. 282–298. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2007). Critical thinking about psychology. The issue of á priori key assumptions. Impuls : Tidsskrift for psykologi. ISSN 0801-2911. 61(2), p. 44–51. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2007). Community and care work in a world of changing ideologies. Community, Work and Family. ISSN 1366-8803. 10, p. 329–340. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik; Aasen, Ingvild & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Assumptions in psychology and ideological shifts in society: A challenge for positive psychology. In Fave, Antonella Delle (Eds.), Dimensions of well-being. Research and interventions. Edizioni FrancoAngeli. ISSN 9788846473622. p. 512–528. Full text in Research Archive
• Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Critical psychology in Norway: A brief review commenting on why critical psychology is currently virtually absent. Annual Review of Critical Psychology. 5, p. 167–173. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this review article we will present a brief historical outline of critical psychology in Norway. Some reasons why Norwegian critical psychology is currently virtually absent will be given. Finally, a review of critical voices that can nevertheless be heard will be presented. First, however, we will briefly outline what is implied by critical psychology in this review as the word ‘critical’ is being used in a variety of different ways. In academic contexts ‘critical’ is definitely a word of honor. Nobody wants to be characterized as uncritical, naïve, non reflected, or whatever the opposite (antonym) of critical is taken to be. Naturally, it is not this common sense meaning of the word ‘critical’ we have in mind when we review critical psychology in Norway. Frankly, we have met several critical psychologists who are naïve indeed. (Not to speak about all the mainstream psychologists we have met who are naïve in their belief in the neutrality of science.) Annual review of critical psychology 5: Critical Psychology in a Changing World (Contributions from different geo-political regions) Pages 167-173. http://www.discourseunit.com/annual-review/

• Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Communication ethics: Towards a definition of communication that encompasses ethical dimensions. In Keeble, Richard (Eds.), Communication ethics today. Troubador Publishing Ltd. ISSN 9781905237685. p. 177–186. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). "Area Ethics" - Das Integrieren von grundlegender, angewandter und professioneller Ethik in einem ungrentzen Handlungsfeld. Systeme. ISSN 1022-9280. 20(2), p. 157–172. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik; Rand-Hendriksen, Kim & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Globalizzazione, ideologia e benessere. Passaggi. ISSN 1826-5219. 11(6), p. 55–76. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Ideologier kartlagt gjennom mediespråket: En analysemetode. In Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (Eds.), Språk er makt. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253028514. p. 262–290. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Dette er ei ny og sterkt utvida utgave av "Språk er makt". Den opprinnelege "Språk er makt" frå 1973 ligg uendra inne i den nye utgava. Men det er kome til ei rekke nye kapittel som analyserer utviklinga i samspelet språk-samfunn gjennom dei 35 åra som er gått. Eit hovedpoeng med den nye utgava er å vise korleis dei gamle språkpsykologiske analysene får ny aktualitet ved at dei på ulike måtar kan nyttast som ein spegel for å sjå utviklinga/mangel på utvikling på ulike område i samfunnet rundt oss. Av ei lang rekke ulike tema kan nemnast framveksten av oljespråket og kjønnsrollene i språket nå samanlikna med for 35 år sidan. Dessutan er det kome nye kapittel om analysemetoder.

• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Kulturelle forskjeller, sosial klasse, språk og kompensatorisk undervisning. In Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (Eds.), Språk er makt. Pax Forlag. ISSN 9788253028514. p. 178–195. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Dette er ei ny og sterkt utvida utgave av "Språk er makt". Den opprinnelege "Språk er makt" frå 1973 ligg uendra inne i den nye utgava. Men det er kome til ei rekke nye kapittel som analyserer utviklinga i samspelet språk-samfunn gjennom dei 35 åra som er gått. Eit hovedpoeng med den nye utgava er å vise korleis dei gamle språkpsykologiske analysene får ny aktualitet ved at dei på ulike måtar kan nyttast som ein spegel for å sjå utviklinga/mangel på utvikling på ulike område i samfunnet rundt oss. Av ei lang rekke ulike tema kan nemnast framveksten av oljespråket og kjønnsrollene i språket nå samanlikna med for 35 år sidan. Dessutan er det kome nye kapittel om analysemetoder.

• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Assumptions and values in the production of knowledge: Towards an area ethics of psychology and the social sciences. In Robinson, S. & Katulushi, C. (Ed.), Values in higher education. Aureus Publishing.. ISSN 9781899750139. p. 150–158. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Forholdet mellom individualisme og fellesskap en utfordring for positiv psykologi. Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening (Psykologtidsskriftet). ISSN 0332-6470. p. 903–908. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Carlquist, Erik & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2005). The representation of social issues in public discourse and newspaper language. European Journal of Social Psychology. ISSN 0046-2772. 35, p. 829–833. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.268. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Assumptions and values in the production of knowledge: Towards an area ethics of higer education. Impuls : Tidsskrift for psykologi. ISSN 0801-2911. 59(3), p. 15–19. Full text in Research Archive

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• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Bruer, Erlend Sand (2016). Morgendagen har nye muligheter. Samfunnsstraff og andre intervensjoner for ungdom og unge voksne. John Grieg forlag. ISBN 9788253303406. 240 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2009). Fellesskap og individualisme. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISBN 9788205384811. 171 p. Full text in Research Archive

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• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Tømmervik, Kristin; Brodahl, Morten & Ness, Ottar [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). Fellesskapsfølelser og “mattering” hos eldre med rusmiddelproblematikk. Full text in Research Archive
• Bahl, Nina Kavita Heggen; Øversveen, Emil Mortensrud; Brodahl, Morten; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Landheim, Anne Signe [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). På hvilke måter påvirker fellesskap og fellesskapsfølelser bedringsprosesser fra rusmiddelproblematikk hos eldre? Full text in Research Archive
• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2021). The community: An overlooked aspect in personal understandings of good lives. Full text in Research Archive
• Fave, Antonella Delle; Wissing, Marie P.; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Paola, Cicerone (2018). The EHHI project. [Journal]. Mind - mente e cervello. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2017). Pursuing virtues, hopes and meaning systems: How the Oslo Ideology Project has been and is studying these issues at micro and macro level. Full text in Research Archive
• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2017). What holds meaning, and for whom? A mixed-methods analysis of meaningfulness constructions in a Norwegian national newspaper, 1950-2015. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Bruer, Erlend Sand (2016). Introduksjon til Morgendagen har nye muligheter. In Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Bruer, Erlend Sand (Ed.), Morgendagen har nye muligheter. Samfunnsstraff og andre intervensjoner for ungdom og unge voksne.. John Grieg forlag. ISSN 9788253303406. p. 7–8. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2014). Positive Psychology: Historical, Philosophical, and Epistemological Perspectives. In Joseph, Stephen (Eds.), Positive Psychology in practice: Promoting Human Flourishing in Work, Health. Education and Everyday Life. John Wiley & Sons. ISSN 9781118756935. p. 9–30. Full text in Research Archive
• Fave, Antonella Delle; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Solano, A. Castro & Carlquist, Erik (2013). What is happiness for you? Answers from the world. Full text in Research Archive
• Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Aarø, Leif Edvard (2013). Invitasjon til samfunnspsykologi. Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening (Psykologtidsskriftet). ISSN 0332-6470. 50(5), p. 410–411. Full text in Research Archive
• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2012). Meaning systems and representations of a good life. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2011). Community and communal values: The spirit of gratitude in society. Full text in Research Archive
• Türken, Salman; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2011). Ideological influences on youth’s identity development: The cases of Turkey and Norway. Full text in Research Archive
• Türken, Salman; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Bruer, Erlend Sand & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2011). Mapping Ideological Changes. Implications of Neoliberal Market Capitalism and Individualism on the Social Selves in Turkey and Norway. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2010). Ideology and boundary developments in a multicultural society: A longitudinal study. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2010). Og så min neste (om det er til mitt eget beste). [Journal]. Krigsropet. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2010). Positive psychology in a changing world: Barometers of change. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Botchway, Albert; Bruer, Erlend Sand; Filkukova, Petra & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2010). Cross-cultural studies of communal values: A post-communist East-European republic, a Nordic welfare state and a modern West-African society. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2009). Words and concepts opening up for some and locking out other values and moral horizons. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2009). Intervju om "Fellesskap og individualisme". [TV]. Magasinet TV2. Full text in Research Archive
• Fjeldstad, Øyvind; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2009). Mer jeg, meg, mitt - mindre velferd i avisspaltene. (Intervju om Samfunnsideologiprosjektet.). [Journal]. Sosial Trygd. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Botchway, Albert & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). Care in an era of individualism and consumerism: Empirical studies of public discourses in various regions of the world. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2009). Psychology in a changing world: Barometers of change. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Carlquist, Erik; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2008). Ideologies of cultural diversity and dialogical self theory in the Norwegian context: A longitudinal, social psychological persepctive. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2008). Preparation for ethical professional practice: Comments to Anne Colby's analysis. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2008). Det menneskelige motivasjonssystem. p. 2–2. Full text in Research Archive
• Finholt-Pedersen, Sissel Merete; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2008). Ethical challenges in training professionals: A study of students of theology. Full text in Research Archive
• Finholt-Pedersen, Sissel Merete; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2008). Becoming a pastor: A study of students of theology. Full text in Research Archive
• Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Phelps, Joshua Marvle & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2007). The concept and investigation of ideology. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2007). Why ideology? Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2007). Social and moral norms and ideological influences. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Carlquist, Erik; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2007). Ideologies of cultural diversity in the Norwegian context: A longitudinal, social-psychological perspective. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Samtale om "Det omsorgsfulle mennesket". [Radio]. Oslo. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Samfunnsendring, språk og ideologi i "På livet laus". [Radio]. Oslo. Full text in Research Archive
• Phelps, Joshua Marvle; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik; Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2006). Ideologial issues in the 2004 American Presidential Election: Same sex marriage. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Changing societal ideologies and ethical issues. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Rand-Hendriksen, Kim & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2006). Gratitude and society: Societal ideologies of gratitude. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Om verdisynet i psykologi (fra Freud til positiv psykologi)(intervju). [Journal]. Vårt Land. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Samtale om "Det omsorgsfulle mennesket". [Radio]. Brunch i Kanal 4.. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Om "Det omsorgsfulle mennesket" (intervju). [Journal]. Bedre Helse. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel & Lystrup, Marianne (2006). Ordenes skjulte budskap. [Journal]. Vårt Land. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2006). Om "Det omsorgsfulle mennesket.". Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Om positiv psykologi. Full text in Research Archive
• Kallevik, Arthur & Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Positiv psykologi vil overta. (Intervju med Hilde E. Nafstad). Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening (Psykologtidsskriftet). ISSN 0332-6470. 42, p. 941–941. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Trenger profesjonsfaget psykologi områdeetikk? Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Human suffering: Psychological assumptions and area ethical assumptions. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Carlquist, Erik & Blakar, Rolv Mikkel (2005). Care work and community in a world of changing ideologies. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen (2005). Om forholdet mellom individualisme og fellesskap: En utfordring for positiv psykologi. Full text in Research Archive
• Nafstad, Hilde Eileen; Blakar, Rolv Mikkel; Carlquist, Erik; Phelps, Joshua Marvle & Rand-Hendriksen, Kim (2006). Globalization and the spread of neo-liberalism: Ideology as reflected in the language. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive

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