Marianne Løvstad

• DAHL, HILDE MARGRETE; Andelic, Nada; Løvstad, Marianne; Holthe, Ingvil Laberg; Hestnes, Morten; Diseth, Trond H & Myhre, Mia Cathrine (2021). Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in children 15 years and younger in South-Eastern Norway in 2015–16. Implications for prevention and follow-up needs. European journal of paediatric neurology.  ISSN 1090-3798.  31, s 70- 77 . doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.02.002
• Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Howe, Emilie; Spjelkavik, Øystein; Røe, Cecilie; Rike, Per-Ola; Olsen, Alexander; Ponsford, Jennie; Andelic, Nada & Løvstad, Marianne (2021). Post-concussion symptoms three months after mild-to-moderate TBI: characteristics of sick-listed patients referred to specialized treatment and consequences of intracranial injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052. . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2021.1953593
• Søberg, Helene Lundgaard; Moksnes, Håkon Øgreid; Anke, Audny; Røise, Olav; Røe, Ellen-Cecilie Treu; Aas, Eline; Sveen, Unni; Gaarder, Christine; Næss, Pål Aksel; Helseth, Eirik; Dahl, Hilde Margrete; Becker, Frank; Løvstad, Marianne; Bartnes, Kristian; Schäfer, Christoph; Rasmussen, Mari Storli; Perrin, Paul B.; Lu, Juan; Hellstrøm, Torgeir & Hadzic-Andelic, Nada (2021). Rehabilitation Needs, Service Provision, and Costs in the First Year Following Traumatic Injuries: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Research Protocols.  ISSN 1929-0748. . doi: 10.2196/25980 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Nilsen, Wendy; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Enehaug, Heidi; Howe, Emilie Isager; Løvstad, Marianne; Fink, Louisa; Andelic, Nada & Spjelkavik, Øystein (2020). What characterizes work and workplaces that retain their employees following acquired brain injury? Systematic review. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (AOEM).  ISSN 2052-4374.  77, s 122- 130 . doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106102
• Andelic, Nada; Røe, Cecilie; Brunborg, Cathrine; Zeldovich, Marina; Løvstad, Marianne; Løke, Daniel; Borgen, Ida Maria Henriksen; Voormolen, Daphne; Howe, Emilie; Forslund, Marit Vindal; DAHL, HILDE MARGRETE; von Steinbuechel, Nicole; Helseth, Eirik; Røise, Olav; Frisvold, Shirin; Anke, Audny; Skandsen, Toril; Vik, Anne; Andreassen, Lasse; Åkerlund, Cecilia; Amrein, Krisztina; Antoni, Anna; Audibert, Gerard; Azouvi, Philippe; Azzolini, Maria Luisa; Bartels, Ronald; Barzo, Pal; Beauvais, Romuald; Beer, Ronny; Bellander, Bo-Michael; Belli, Antonio; Benali, Habib; Berardino, Maurizio; Beretta, Luigi; Blaabjerg, Morten; Bragge, Peter; Brazinova, Alexandra; Brinck, Vibeke; Brooker, Joanne; Brorsson, Camilla; Buki, Andras; Bullinger, Monika; Cabeleira, Manuel; Caccioppola, Alessio; Calappi, Emiliana; Calvi, Maria Rosa; Cameron, Peter; Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo & Carbonara, Marco (2020). Frequency of fatigue and its changes in the first 6 months after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study. Journal of Neurology.  ISSN 0340-5354.  268 . doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10022-2 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Background: Fatigue is one of the most commonly reported subjective symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aims were to assess frequency of fatigue over the first 6 months after TBI, and examine whether fatigue changes could be predicted by demographic characteristics, injury severity and comorbidities. Methods: Patients with acute TBI admitted to 65 trauma centers were enrolled in the study Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI (CENTER-TBI). Subjective fatigue was measured by single item on the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), administered at baseline, three and 6 months postinjury. Patients were categorized by clinical care pathway: admitted to an emergency room (ER), a ward (ADM) or an intensive care unit (ICU). Injury severity, preinjury somatic- and psychiatric conditions, depressive and sleep problems were registered at baseline. For prediction of fatigue changes, descriptive statistics and mixed effect logistic regression analysis are reported. Results: Fatigue was experienced by 47% of patients at baseline, 48% at 3 months and 46% at 6 months. Patients admitted to ICU had a higher probability of experiencing fatigue than those in ER and ADM strata. Females and individuals with lower age, higher education, more severe intracranial injury, preinjury somatic and psychiatric conditions, sleep disturbance and feeling depressed postinjury had a higher probability of fatigue. Conclusion: A high and stable frequency of fatigue was found during the first 6 months after TBI. Specific socio-demographic factors, comorbidities and injury severity characteristics were predictors of fatigue in this study.

• Borgen, Ida Maria Henriksen; Løvstad, Marianne; Andelic, Nada; Hauger, Solveig; Sigurdardottir, Solrun; Søberg, Helene L.; Sveen, Unni; Forslund, Marit Vindal; Kleffelgård, Ingerid; Lindstad, Marte Ørud; Winter, Laraine & Røe, Cecilie (2020). Traumatic brain injury-needs and treatment options in the chronic phase: Study protocol for a randomized controlled community-based intervention. Trials.  ISSN 1745-6215.  21(1) . doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-4195-5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Borgen, Ida Maria Henriksen; Løvstad, Marianne; Røe, Cecilie; Forslund, Marit Vindal; Hauger, Solveig; Sigurdardottir, Solrun; Winter, Larraine & Kleffelgård, Ingerid (2020). Needs and treatment options in chronic traumatic brain injury: A feasibility trial of a community-based intervention. Cogent Medicine.  ISSN 2331-205X.  7(1) . doi: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1731222
• Geard, Anne; Kirkevold, Marit; Løvstad, Marianne & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2020). How do family members of individuals with spinal cord and acquired brain injuries make sense of their experiences: A qualitative study of meaning making processes. Health Psychology Open (HPO).  ISSN 2055-1029. . doi: 10.1177/2055102920913477
• Howe, Emilie; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Løvstad, Marianne; Enehaug, Heidi; Sagstad, Kjersti; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Brunborg, Cathrine; Røe, Cecilie; Nordenmark, Tonje Haug; Søberg, Helene L.; Twamley, Elizabeth W.; Lu, Juan & Andelic, Nada (2020). Effectiveness of Combining Compensatory Cognitive Training and Vocational Intervention vs. Treatment as Usual on Return to Work Following Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Interim Analysis at 3 and 6 Month Follow-Up. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295. . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.561400 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Høye, Helene; Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta; Løvstad, Marianne; Grøttland, Jeanette Hartveit; Sørli, Hilde; Tornås, Sveinung & Månum, Grethe (2020). A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program via Group Video Conferencing for Adults With Cerebral Palsy ? A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295. . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00195 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Olsen, Alexander; Babikian, Talin; Bigler, Erin D.; Caeyenberghs, Karen; Conde, Virginia; Dams-O’Connor, Kristen; Dobryakova, Ekaterina; Genova, Helen; Grafman, Jordan; Håberg, Asta; Heggland, Ingrid; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Hodges, Cooper B.; Irimia, Andrei; Jha, Ruchira M.; Johnson, Paula K.; Koliatsos, Vassilis E.; Levin, Harvey; Li, Lucia M.; Lindsey, Hannah M.; Livny, Abigail; Løvstad, Marianne; Medaglia, John; Menon, David; Mondello, Stefania; Monti, Martin M.; Newcombe, Virginia F.J.; Petroni, Agustin; Ponsford, Jennie; Sharp, David; Spitz, Gershon; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Thompson, Paul M.; Dennis, Emily L.; Tate, David; Wilde, Elisabeth A. & Hillary, Frank G. (2020). Toward a global and reproducible science for brain imaging in neurotrauma: the ENIGMA adult moderate/severe traumatic brain injury working group. Brain Imaging and Behavior.  ISSN 1931-7557.  s 1- 29 . doi: 10.1007/s11682-020-00313-7 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Stubberud, Jan; Holthe, Ingvil Laberg; Løvstad, Marianne; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Brandt, Anne Elisabeth & Finnanger, Torun Gangaune (2020). The feasibility and acceptability of Goal Management Training of executive functions in children with spina bifida and acquired brain injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0960-2011. . doi: 10.1080/09602011.2020.1723649
• Stubberud, Jan; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Tornås, Sveinung (2020). Emotional regulation following acquired brain injury: Associations with executive functioning in daily life and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295.  11:1011, s 1- 7 . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01011 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To examine whether a questionnaire measuring emotional regulation after acquired brain injury adds clinical information beyond what can be obtained with a comprehensive executive function questionnaire and an anxiety and depression measure. Method: Seventy adult persons (age 19-66 years, M age = 43, SD age = 13) with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase and executive function complaints. All were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial (NCT02692352) evaluating the effects of cognitive rehabilitation. Traumatic brain injury was the dominant cause of injury (64%), and mean time since injury was 8 years. Emotional regulation was assessed with the Brain Injury Trust Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (BREQ). Executive function was assessed with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Adult Version (BRIEF-A). The Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (HCSL-25) was employed to measure anxiety and depression symptoms. Results: Overall, significant correlations were found between reports of emotional regulation (BREQ) and executive function in daily life (BRIEF-A). Furthermore, our analyses revealed a significant relationship between self-reported scores of emotional regulation (BREQ) and symptoms of anxiety and depression (HSCL-25). Conclusion: The significant associations between the BREQ and most of the other clinical measures indicate that, for patients with acquired brain injury, the BREQ does not add substantial information beyond what can be assessed with the BRIEF-A and the HSCL-25.

• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Nilsen, Wendy; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Enehaug, Heidi; Howe, Emilie; Løvstad, Marianne; Fink, Louisa; Hadzic-Andelic, Nada & Spjelkavik, Øystein (2019). What characterises work and workplaces that retain their employees following acquired brain injury? Systematic review. Occupational and Environmental Medicine.  ISSN 1351-0711.  77(2), s 122- 130 . doi: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106102 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review assessing workplace factors related to work retention (or return to work) in employees with acquired brain injury (ABI). Additionally, we aimed to synthesise the evidence and state of knowledge on this subject. A database search was performed in nine relevant electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were quantitative peer-reviewed publications empirically investigating the relationship between work/workplace factors and work retention in employees following ABI. The methodological quality was determined by Effective Public Health Practice Project scoring, and evidence was synthesised narratively. Thirteen studies were included. We found moderate evidence for a negative relationship between manual work and work retention. We also found limited evidence for a U-shaped relationship between workload and complete work retention at 6 months and no relationship at 12 months; a positive relationship between managers, compared with non-managers, and faster work retention; a positive relationship between large enterprise size defined as ≥250 employees, and no relationship between large enterprise size, defined as ≥1000 employees, and work retention. Relative to individual factors, there is little evidence on specific workplace factors’ relationship to work retention among employees with ABI. For most workplace factors, there were too few high-quality studies to designate evidence as more than limited or insufficient. Future studies should replicate rigorous studies of well-defined modifiable workplace factors related to work retention.

• Howe, Emilie; Løvstad, Marianne; Langlo, Knut-Petter; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Spjelkavik, Øystein; Ugelstad, Helene; Twamley, Elizabeth & Hadzic-Andelic, Nada (2019). Feasibility of a cognitive rehabilitation program for individuals with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury: Participants’ engagement and satisfaction. Cogent Medicine.  ISSN 2331-205X.  s 1- 16 . doi: 10.1080/2331205X.2019.1565614 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Månum, Grethe; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Hafstad, Gertrud Sofie; Ræder, Johan; Larsen, Ingar H.; Stanghelle, Johan K & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2019). Persons injured in the 2011 terror attacks in Norway - Relationship between post-traumatic stress symptoms, emotional distress, fatigue, sleep, and pain outcomes, and medical and psychosocial factors. Disability and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0963-8288. . doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1585489 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Ræder, Johan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Larsen, Ingar H.; Dyb, Grete; Ekeberg, Øivind & Stanghelle, Johan K (2019). Clinical characteristics and physical functioning in persons hospitalized following the Norwegian terror attacks in July 2011: A follow-up study. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.  ISSN 1650-1977.  51(3), s 225- 233 . doi: 10.2340/16501977-2521 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Sadaghiani, Sepideh; Dombert, Pascasie L.; Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Meling, Torstein Ragnar; Endestad, Tor; Knight, Robert T.; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin & D'Esposito, Mark (2019). Lesions to the fronto-parietal network impact alpha-band phase synchrony and cognitive control. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  29(10), s 4143- 4153 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy296
• Stubberud, Jan; Edvardsen, Espen Madsen; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Lerdal, Anners; Kjeverud, Anita; Schillinger, Andreas & Løvstad, Marianne (2019). Description of a multifaceted intervention programme for fatigue after acquired brain injury: a pilot study. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0960-2011.  29(6), s 946- 968 . doi: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1344132 Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT The purpose of this pilot study was to describe and explore a group-based multifaceted intervention for patients with fatigue after acquired brain injury (ABI). We hypothesised that post-intervention changes would result in reduced fatigue, in addition to improved emotional health, sleep and attentional control. Eight subjects with traumatic brain injury (n = 3) and cerebrovascular insults (n = 5) were included. Inclusion was based upon the presence of fatigue complaints. The participants received 36 hours of intervention. Changes related to fatigue, emotional health and sleep was assessed with self-rating measures. Additionally, a neuropsychological test (Conners’ Continuous Performance Test II) was included as a measure of attentional control. All subjects were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 3 and 9 months follow-up. Findings indicated reduced fatigue levels (post-intervention and 3 months follow-up), anxiety (9 months follow-up), and daytime sleepiness (3 and 9 months follow-up). Pilot results suggest that multifaceted group-based interventions may have the potential to alleviate symptoms of fatigue, anxiety and sleepiness after ABI. At an individual level, a low load of psychological distress, insomnia symptoms, dysexecutive symptoms, in addition to a strong sense of self-efficacy, may be central in order to reduce levels of fatigue. KEYWORDS: Fatigue, cognitive rehabilitation, brain injury, goal management, self-efficacy

• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2019). Use it or lose it? A 5-year follow-up study of goal management training in patients with acquired brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.  ISSN 1355-6177.  s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1017/S1355617719000626
• Tornås, Sveinung; Stubberud, Jan; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Evans, Jonathan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2019). Moderators, mediators and nonspecific predictors of outcome after cognitive rehabilitation of executive functions in a randomised controlled trial. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0960-2011.  29(6), s 844- 865 . doi: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1338587
• Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Ræder, Johan; Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Dyb, Grete; Ekeberg, Øivind & Stanghelle, Johan K (2019). Chronic pain among the hospitalized patients after the 22 july 2011 terror attacks in Oslo and at Utøya Island. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-5172. . doi: 10.1111/aas.13373
• Andelic, Nada; Howe, Emilie; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Sanchez, Maria Fernandez; Lu, Juan; Løvstad, Marianne & Røe, Cecilie (2018). Disability and quality of life 20 years after traumatic brain injury. Brain and Behavior.  ISSN 2162-3279.  8(7) . doi: 10.1002/brb3.1018 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Chatelle, Camille; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Martial, Charlotte; Becker, Frank; Eifert, Bernd; Boering, Dana; Giacino, Joseph T.; Laureys, Steven; Løvstad, Marianne & Maurer-Karattup, Petra (2018). Assessment of nociception and pain in participants in an unresponsive or minimally conscious state after acquired brain injury: the relation between the coma recovery scale-revised and the nociception coma scale-revised. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0003-9993.  99(9), s 1755- 1762 . doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.03.009
• Geard, Anne; Kirkevold, Marit; Løvstad, Marianne & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2018). Exploring narratives of resilience among seven males living with spinal cord injury: A qualitative study. BMC Psychology.  ISSN 2050-7283.  6(1) . doi: 10.1186/s40359-017-0211-2 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Howe, Emilie; Andelic, Nada; Perrin, Paul B; Røe, Cecilie; Sigurdardottir, Solrun; Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos; Lu, Juan; Løvstad, Marianne & Forslund, Marit Vindal (2018). Employment probability trajectories up to 10 years after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295.  9 . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01051 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Solbrække, Kari Nyheim; Kirkevold, Marit; Geard, Anne; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2018). “It gets better. It can´t be worse than what we have been through.” Family accounts of the minimally conscious state. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1539244
• Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Festvåg, Lillian; Strømsholm, Geir; Stanghelle, Johan K; Rike, Per-Ola & Løvstad, Marianne (2018). Elderly Norwegian Polio Survivors: Predictors of self-perceived physical and psychological health. Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 2456-8392.  4 . doi: 10.5348/100042D05AS2018OA
• Egeland, Jens; Løvstad, Marianne; Norup, Anne; Nybo, Taina; Persson, Bengt A.; Rivera, Diego Fernando; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Sigurdardottir, Solrun & Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos (2017). Questionnaire Use Among Nordic Neuropsychologists: Shift From Assessing Personality to Checking Ecological Validity of Neuropsychological Assessments?. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice.  ISSN 0735-7028.  48(4), s 227- 235 . doi: 10.1037/pro0000119
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Olafsen, Kjell; Schnakers, Caroline; Andelic, Nada; Nilsen, Kristian Bernhard; Helseth, Eirik; Funderud, Ingrid; Andersson, Stein; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2017). Cognitive event-related potentials during the sub-acute phase of severe traumatic brain injury and their relationship to outcome. Journal of Neurotrauma.  ISSN 0897-7151.  34(22), s 3124- 3133 . doi: 10.1089/neu.2017.5062 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Howe, Emilie; Langlo, Knut-Petter; TERJESEN, Hans Christoffer Aargaard; Røe, Cecilie; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Søberg, Helene L.; Sveen, Unni; Aas, Eline; Enehaug, Heidi; Alves, Daniele Evelin; Klethagen, Pål; Sagstad, Kjesti; Moen, Christine m; Torsteinsbrend, K; Linnestad, Anne-Margrethe; Nordenmark, Tonje Haug; Rismyhr, BS; Wangen, Grete; Lu, Juan; Ponsford, Jennie; Twamley, E; Ugelstad, Helene; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Løvstad, Marianne & Andelic, Nada (2017). Combined cognitive and vocational interventions after mild to moderate traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.. Trials.  ISSN 1745-6215.  18(483), s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2218-7 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Norup, Anne; Egeland, Jens; Løvstad, Marianne; Nybo, Taina; Persson, Bengt A.; Rivera, Diego Fernando; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Sigurdardottir, Solrun & Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos (2017). Education, training, and practice among nordic neuropsychologists. Results from a professional practices survey. The Clinical Neuropsychologist.  ISSN 1385-4046.  31, s 20- 41 . doi: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1291857
• Egeland, Jens; Løvstad, Marianne; Norup, Anne; Nybo, Taina; Persson, Bengt A.; Rivera, Diego Fernando; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Sigurdardottir, Solrun & Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos (2016). Following international trends while subject to past traditions: neuropsychological test use in the Nordic countries. The Clinical Neuropsychologist.  ISSN 1385-4046.  30, s 1479- 1500 . doi: 10.1080/13854046.2016.1237675
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Andersson, Stein; Chatelle, Camille; Schnakers, Caroline & Løvstad, Marianne (2016). The clinical diagnostic utility of electrophysiological techniques in assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness following acquired brain injury: a systematic review. The journal of head trauma rehabilitation.  ISSN 0885-9701.  32(3), s 185- 196 . doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000267
• Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; SERVER, ANDRES; Løvstad, Marianne; Brunborg, Cathrine; Lund, Martina Jonette; Nordhøy, Wibeke; Andreassen, Ole Andreas & Andelic, Nada (2016). Volumetric and morphometric MRI findings in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  30(13-14), s 1683- 1691 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2016.1199905 Vis sammendrag

  Objective: This study compared cortical and sub-cortical volumes between patients with complicated (i.e. presence of intracranial abnormality on the day-of-injury CT) and uncomplicated (i.e. absence of intracranial abnormality) mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) 4 weeks post-injury. The study hypothesized regionally decreased brain volumes and reduced cortical thickness in patients with complicated MTBIs compared with uncomplicated MTBI. Methods: This study was part of a larger 2 years cohort study on MTBI. Baseline clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were compared for those with complicated and uncomplicated MTBI. It identified 168 patients with MTBI (90 uncomplicated and 78 complicated), aged 16–65 years. 3T MRI-system (Signa HDxt, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) and cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation by FreeSurfer software have been used. Results: No significant differences between uncomplicated and complicated MTBIs were found in neuroanatomic volumes and cortical thickness after controlling for age, gender and education. The complicated MTBI group showed larger ventricles compared with the uncomplicated group, but this effect diluted when adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the classification of complicated and uncomplicated MTBI may be too broad to differentiate volumetric and morphometric effects of injury in the early post-injury phase.

• Løvstad, Marianne; Sigurdardottir, Solrun; Andersson, Stein; Grane, Venke Arntsberg; Moberget, Torgeir; Stubberud, Jan & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2016). Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Adult Version in Patients with Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Conditions: Symptom Levels and Relationship to Emotional Distress. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.  ISSN 1355-6177.  22(6), s 682- 694 . doi: 10.1017/S135561771600031X
• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Evans, Jonathan; Endestad, Tor; Hol, Per Kristian; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2016). Rehabilitation of Executive Functions in Patients with Chronic Acquired Brain Injury with Goal Management Training, External Cuing, and Emotional Regulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.  ISSN 1355-6177.  22(4), s 436- 452 . doi: 10.1017/S1355617715001344
• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2016). Goal Management Training Combined With External Cuing as a Means to Improve Emotional Regulation, Psychological Functioning, and Quality of Life in Patients With Acquired Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0003-9993.  97(11), s 1841- 1852 . doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.06.014
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Schnakers, Caroline; Andersson, Stein; Becker, Frank; Moberget, Torgeir; Giacino, Joseph T.; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Neurophysiological Indicators of Residual Cognitive Capacity in the Minimally Conscious State. Behavioural Neurology.  ISSN 0953-4180.  2015, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1155/2015/145913
• Schnakers, Caroline; Giacino, Joseph T.; Løvstad, Marianne; Habbal, Dina; Boly, Melanie; Di, Haibo; Majerus, Steve & Laureys, Steven (2015). Preserved covert cognition in noncommunicative patients with severe brain injury?. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair.  ISSN 1545-9683.  29(4), s 308- 317 . doi: 10.1177/1545968314547767
• Becker, Frank; Kirmess, Melanie; Tornås, Sveinung & Løvstad, Marianne (2014). A description of cognitive rehabilitation at Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital - Balancing comprehensive holistic rehabilitation and retraining of specific functional domains. NeuroRehabilitation (Reading, MA).  ISSN 1053-8135.  34(1), s 87- 100 . doi: 10.3233/NRE-131015
• Løvstad, Marianne; Andelic, Nada; Knoph, Rein; Jerstad, Tone; Anke, Audny; Skandsen, Toril; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Giacino, Joseph; Røe, Cecilie & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2014). Rate of Disorders of Consciousness in a Prospective Population-Based Study of Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury. The journal of head trauma rehabilitation.  ISSN 0885-9701.  29(5), s E31- E43 . doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000017
• Schnakers, Caroline; Giacino, Joseph; Løvstad, Marianne; Habbal, Dina; Boly, Melanie; Di, Haibo; Majerus, Steve & Laureys, Steven (2014). Preserved Covert Cognition in Noncommunicative Patients With Severe Brain Injury?. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair.  ISSN 1545-9683.  Epub ahead of print . doi: 10.1177/1545968314547767nnr.sagepub.com
• Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor; Meling, Torstein; Lindgren, Magnus; Knight, Robert T. & Krämer, Ulrike M (2014). Impact of orbitofrontal lesions on electrophysiological signals in a stop signal task. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.  ISSN 0898-929X.  26(7), s 1528- 1545 . doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00561
• Solbakk, Anne-Kristin & Løvstad, Marianne (2014). Effects of focal prefrontal cortex lesions on electrophysiological indices of executive attention and action control. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.  ISSN 0036-5564.  55(3), s 233- 243 . doi: 10.1111/sjop.12106
• Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Lindgren, Magnus; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2013). Preparatory attention after lesions to the lateral or orbital prefrontal cortex - An event-related potentials study. Brain Research.  ISSN 0006-8993.  1527, s 174- 188 . doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.06.017
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Becker, Frank & Løvstad, Marianne (2013). Alvorlig bevissthetsforstyrrelse etter ervervet hjerneskade - hvor skal den lokale helsetjeneste søke spisskompetanse?. Utposten.  ISSN 0800-5680.  42(7), s 30- 32 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.1202
• Krämer, Ulrike M; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor & Knight, Robert T. (2013). The role of the lateral prefrontal cortex in inhibitory motor control. Cortex.  ISSN 0010-9452.  49(3), s 837- 849 . doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.05.003
• Funderud, Ingrid; Lindgren, Magnus; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor; Voytek, Bradley; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2012). Differential Go/NoGo Activity in Both Contingent Negative Variation and Spectral Power. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  7(10) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048504
• Løvstad, Marianne; Anke, Audny & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2012). Alvorlig redusert bevissthet etter ervervet hjerneskade: Nevrobiologiske mekanismer og forutsetninger for korrekt diagnostikk, I: Tormod Fladby; Stein Andersson & Leif Gjerstad (red.),  Nevropsykiatri : metoder og kliniske perspektiver.  Gyldendal Akademisk.  ISBN 9788205412149.  21.  s 175 - 183
• Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Lindgren, Magnus; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2012). Executive functions after orbital or lateral prefrontal lesions: Neuropsychological profiles and self-reported executive functions in everyday living. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  26(13-14), s 1586- 1598 . doi: 10.3109/02699052.2012.698787
• Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Lindgren, Magnus; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Voytek, Bradley; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2012). Contribution of subregions of human frontal cortex to novelty processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.  ISSN 0898-929X.  24(2), s 378- 395 . doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00099
• Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Meling, Torstein; Krämer, Ulrike M; Voytek, Bradley; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Endestad, Tor; Lindgren, Magnus; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2012). Anterior cingulate cortex and cognitive control: Neuropsychological and electrophysiological findings in two patients with lesions to dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Brain and Cognition.  ISSN 0278-2626.  80(2), s 237- 249 . doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.008
• Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Løvstad, Marianne & Funderud, Ingrid (2012). Eksekutiv kontroll av tenkning, emosjoner og atferd. Frontallappenes rolle i distribuerte anatomiske nettverk, I: Tormod Fladby; Stein Andersson & Leif Gjerstad (red.),  Nevropsykiatri : metoder og kliniske perspektiver.  Gyldendal Akademisk.  ISBN 9788205412149.  10.  s 101 - 108
• Løvstad, Marianne; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey; Giacino, Joe; Skandsen, Toril; Anke, Audny & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2010). Reliability and Diagnostic Characteristics of the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: Exploring the Influence of Rater's Level of Experience. The journal of head trauma rehabilitation.  ISSN 0885-9701.  25(5), s 349- 356
• Røe, Cecilie; Skandsen, Toril; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Løvstad, Marianne; Sandhaug, Maria; Andelic, Nada; Anke, Audny; Vikane, Eirik & Sveen, Unni (2008). Ny norsk versjon av Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended. Bruk, tolkning og begrensninger. Ergoterapeuten.  ISSN 0800-3475.  2, s 20- 26
• Løvstad, Marianne & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2007). Alvorlig nedsatt bevissthet etter ervervet hjerneskade. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening.  ISSN 0332-6470.  44, s 741- 749

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• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Nilsen, Wendy; Enehaug, Heidi; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Howe, Emilie Isager; Andelic, Nada; Løvstad, Marianne; Fink, Louisa & SPJELKAVIK, Øystein (2019). Which workplace factors are related to work retention for employees who return to work following acquired brain injury?. PROSPERO International prospectie register of systematic reviews.
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Enehaug, Heidi; Nilsen, Wendy; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Andelic, Nada; Løvstad, Marianne; Howe, Emilie Isager; Fink, Louisa; Klethagen, Pål & Bernstrøm, Vilde Hoff (2019). What characterizes workplaces around the globe that keep their employees following acquired brain injury? A systematic review.
• Andelic, Nada; Løvstad, Marianne; Norup, Anne; Ponsford, Jennie & Røe, Cecilie (2019). Editorial: Impact of Traumatic Brain Injuries on Participation in Daily Life and Work: Recent Research and Future Directions.. Frontiers in Neurology.  ISSN 1664-2295. . doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01153
• Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Howe, Emilie; Røe, Cecilie; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Uglestad, Helene; Enehaug, Heidi; Spjelkavik, Øystein; Løvstad, Marianne & Andelic, Nada (2019). Combined Cognitive and Vocational Intervention After Mild-To-Moderate TBI: Baseline Characteristics.. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.  ISSN 0003-9993. . doi: 10.1016/S0003-9993(19)31034-2
• Howe, Emilie Isager; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; Linnestad, Anne-Margrethe; Ugelstad, Helene; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Enehaug, Heidi; Røe, Cecilie; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Twamley, Elizabeth; Løvstad, Marianne & Andelic, Nada (2019). Participants’ Satisfaction with Compensatory Cognitive Training (CCT) as Part of a Vocational Rehabilitation Program. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  33, s 192- 193 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1608749
• Linnestad, Anne-Margrethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Howe, Emilie Isager; Fure, Silje Christine Reistad; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Enehaug, Heidi; Groven, Karen Synne & Andelic, Nada (2019). There are Ups and Downs While Slowly Moving Forward, In a Way: Stories of Improvement and Treatment After Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  33, s 182 . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1608749
• Månum, Grethe & Løvstad, Marianne (2019, 23. mai). Ny forskning på følger av terroren 22.7.11: Fysiske og psykiske symptomer hos pasienter som ble lagt inn på sykehus tre år etter angrepet. [TV].  Dagsnytt 18.
• Månum, Grethe; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin & Løvstad, Marianne (2019, 23. mai). Fysiske og psykiske symptomer tre år etter terrorhandlingene 22.07.11 hos de som ble fysisk skadd og innlagt sykehus.  Aftenposten.
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Enehaug, Heidi; SPJELKAVIK, Øystein; Andelic, Nada; Løvstad, Marianne & Bernstrøm, Vilde Hoff (2018). Role of workplace in job tenure for employees returning to work following acquired brain injury: protocol for a systematic review. PROSPERO International prospectie register of systematic reviews.
• Howe, Emilie; Langlo, Knut-Petter; Løvstad, Marianne; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Sagstad, Kjersti; Enehaug, Heidi; Twamley, E & Andelic, Nada (2018). Assessing the feasibility of delivering a combined cognitive and vocational intervention to individuals with traumatic brain injury in the South-Eastern region of Norway..
• Howe, Emilie; Langlo, Knut-Petter; Løvstad, Marianne; Hellstrøm, Torgeir; Sagstad, Kjersti; Enehaug, Heidi; Twamley, Elizabeth & Andelic, Nada (2018). Assessing the feasibility of delivering a combined cognitive and vocational intervention to individuals with traumatic brain injury in southeastern region of Norway. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.  ISSN 1877-0657.  61(e404) . doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.944
• Langhammer, Birgitta; Lund, Anne; Sveen, Unni; Sergeeva, Angelina; Emaus, Aina & Løvstad, Marianne (2017). Hvor plastisk er egentlig menneskehjernen? Hvor plastisk er egentlig menneskehjernen? Hvor plastisk er egentlig menneskehjernen?. Fysioterapeuten.  ISSN 0016-3384.  5, s 24- 27
• Langhammer, Birgitta; Sveen, Unni; Lund, Anne; Sergeeva, Angelina; Emaus, Aina & Løvstad, Marianne (2017). Hvor plastisk er egentlig menneskehjernen?. Fysioterapeuten.  ISSN 0016-3384.  (5), s 24- 27
• Løvstad, Marianne; Ugelstad, Helene; Spjelkavik, Øystein; Røe, Cecilie; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Terjesen Aargaard, Hans Christoffer; Enehaug, Heidi; Paaske, Jeppe Johan; Howe, Emilie & Andelic, Nada (2017). The effect evaluation of combined cognitive and vocational interventions after mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial and qualitative process evaluation—presentation of a study protocol. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  31:(6-7) . doi: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1312145
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Schnakers, Caroline; Andersson, Stein; Becker, Frank; Moberget, Torgeir; Giacino, Joseph T.; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2016). Counting own name -clinical robustness of electrophysiology in assessing residual cognition in disorders of consciousness..
• Månum, Grethe; Løvstad, Marianne; Wisløff-Aase, Kristin; Stanghelle, Johan K; Larsen, Ingar Hauglund & Ræder, Johan (2016). Pain, function and health-care needs in hospitalized victims 3 years after the terror attacks in Norway July 22nd 2011.
• Stubberud, Jan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Brøndberg, Lisbeth; Hoff, Marie Elizabeth; Grimsrud, Karen; Wenche, Wilhelmsen; Plaum, Pål-Erik; Haagensen, Trond; Tove, Helland; Julie, Berge; Andersen, Astri & Løvstad, Marianne (2016). Enhanced Attentional Performance Following Pediatric Goal Management Training in Children with Spina Bifida: A Pilot Study.
• Stubberud, Jan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Brøndberg, Lisbeth; Hoff, Marie Elizabeth; Grimsrud, Karen; Wilhelmsen, Wenche; Plaum, Pål-Erik; Haagensen, Trond; Helland, Tove; Berge, Julie; Andersen, Astri & Løvstad, Marianne (2016). A Pilot Study of Pediatric Goal Management Training in Children with Spina Bifida: Informant and Self Reports Six Months Post-training.
• Stubberud, Jan; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Brøndberg, Lisbeth; Hoff, Marie Elizabeth; Grimsrud, Karen; Wilhelmsen, Wenche; Plaum, Pål-Erik; Haagensen, Trond; Helland, Tove; Berge, Julie; Andersen, Astri & Løvstad, Marianne (2016). Enhanced Attentional Performance Following Pediatric Goal Management Training in Children with Spina Bifida: A Pilot Study.
• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2016). Goal Management Training of executive functions in patients with acquired brain injury.
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Schnakers, Caroline; Andersson, Stein; Becker, Frank; Moberget, Torgeir & Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Clinical utility of neurophysiological assessment of residual cognition in disorders of consciousness.
• Holthe, Ingvil Laberg; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Assessment of Post Traumatic Confusional state in Children and Adolescents. Poster at the first international conference on pediatric acquired brain injury.
• Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Traumatic Brain Injury - a life-time perspective.
• Matre, Martin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Rehabilitation after TBI and an undiagnosed psychotic condition.
• Mykkeltveit, Vilde; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2015). Rehabilitation after TBI with comorbid psychiatric disorders.
• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2015). Goal Management Training of Executive Functions in patients with acquired brain injury.
• Berget, Anne-Mette; Brunner, Iris; Ader, Tina; Løvstad, Marianne & Wehling, Eike (2014). Effect of position on responsivity on the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Olafsen, Kjell; Andelic, Nada; Røe, Cecilie; Andersson, Stein; Schanke, Anne-Kristine; Becker, Frank; Schnakers, Caroline & Løvstad, Marianne (2014). Repeated sub-acute Event-Related Potentials as predictor of long-term outcome - presentation of a study design and single case data.
• Løvstad, Marianne (2014). Disorders of Consciousness Pre-Conference Workshop.
• Løvstad, Marianne (2014). Rate of disorders of consciousness in a prospective population-based study of adults with traumatic brain injury.
• Schnakers, Caroline; Giacino, Joe; Løvstad, Marianne; Habbal, Dina; Boly, Melanie; Di, H; Majerus, Steve & Laureys, Steven (2014). Top-down attentional processing in disorders of consciousness: an event-related potentials study.
• Tornås, Sveinung; Løvstad, Marianne; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Høst, Katja; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Stubberud, Jan (2014). Goal Management Training in patients with acquired brain injury - preliminary results.
• Dombert, Pascasie; Sadaghiani, Sepideh; Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Knight, Robert T.; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin & D´Esposito, Mark (2013). Lesion to the fronto-parietal adaptive control network impacts alpha-band phase synchrony.
• Køhn, Kristian; Nordvik, Jan Egil; Løvstad, Marianne & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2012). Improved Psychological Functioning Following Group-based Rehabilitation in a Sample of Chronic Acquired Brain Injury Patients.
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Løvstad, Marianne; Becker, Frank; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Schnakers, Caroline (2012). Event Related Potentials (ERP) indicators of cognitive processing in one vegetative and one minimally conscious patient - a pilot study. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  26(4-5), s 622- 623
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Løvstad, Marianne; Becker, Frank; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Schnakers, Caroline (2012). Event Related Potentials (ERP) indicators of cognitive processing in one vegetative and one minimally conscious patient - a pilot study.
• Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Schnakers, Caroline; Becker, Frank; Schanke, Anne-Kristine & Løvstad, Marianne (2012). Electrophysiological indications of working memory processes in high- but not low-level minimally conscious patients – a pilot study.
• Holthe, IL; Holsen, Randi; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid; Løvstad, Marianne & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2012). Assessment of Post Traumatic Confusion and outcome one year post injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  26(4-5), s 539- 540
• Løvstad, Marianne; Andelic, Nada; Anke, Audny; Knoph, Rein; Berntsen, Svein A; Skandsen, Toril; Roe, Cecilie & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2012). Rate of disordered consciousness in a national Norwegian prospective population-based study of adults with severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  26(4-5), s 615- 615
• Løvstad, Marianne; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid & Becker, Frank (2012). Vedvarende bevissthetsforstyrrelse etter hjerneskade – behov for spesialisert vurdering. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening.  ISSN 0029-2001.  132(23), s 2596- 2597 . doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.1202 Vis sammendrag

  Nr. 23 – 11. desember 2012 Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2012; 132:2596-7 doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.1202PDF Forfattere Kommentarer .DOI10.4045/tidsskr.12.1202Tilgjengelig via dx.doi.org DOI (Digital Object Identifier) er en unik kode som sikrer permanente lenker til elektroniske dokumenter. ForfattereMarianne Løvstad Marianne Løvstad (f. 1968) er cand.psychol., spesialist i klinisk nevropsykologi og ph.d.-kandidat. Hun arbeider ved Seksjon for hjerneskader/forskningsenheten, Sunnaas sykehus. Løvstad har oversatt Coma Recovery Scale til norsk. Forfatter har fylt ut ICMJE-skjemaet og oppgir ingen interessekonflikter. Solveig Lægreid Hauger Solveig Lægreid Hauger (f. 1976) er cand.psychol. og spesialist i klinisk nevropsykologi. Hun forsker på den kliniske nytteverdien av EEG-baserte metoder for vurdering av pasienter med redusert bevissthet etter hjerneskade og arbeider ved Seksjon for hjerneskader/forskningsenheten, Sunnaas sykehus. Forfatter har fylt ut ICMJE-skjemaet og oppgir ingen interessekonflikter. Frank BeckerFrank Becker (f. 1969) er ph.d. og spesialist i fysikalsk medisin og rehabilitering. Han er seksjonsoverlege ved Seksjon for hjerneskader ved Sunnaas sykehus og førsteamanuensis ved Institutt for klinisk medisin, Det medisinske fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo. Forfatter har fylt ut ICMJE-skjemaet og oppgir ingen interessekonflikter. Kommentarartikkel Vedvarende bevissthetsforstyrrelse etter hjerneskade – behov for spesialisert vurdering M Løvstad　S L Hauger　F Becker　 Vedvarende bevissthetsforstyrrelse etter ervervet hjerneskade forekommer sjelden, men pasientene det gjelder er sårbare. Feildiagnostikk er vanlig, med fare for svakt funderte råd samt usikkerhet rundt prognostiske vurderinger. Ved Sunnaas sykehus har vi spisskompetanse på vurdering av bevissthetsnivå. Vi ønsker å få kjennskap til pasienter som befinner seg i andre sykehus og i kommunehelsetjenesten.

• Schnakers, Caroline; Løvstad, Marianne; Boly, Malanie; Habbal, Dina; Giacino, Joseph; Majerus, Steve & Laureys, Steven (2012). Neurophysiological indices of top-down attentional processing in minimally conscious patients: an ERP study.
• Schnakers, Caroline; Løvstad, Marianne; boly, melanie; Habbal, Dina; Giacino, Joseph; Majerus, Steve & Laureys, Steven (2012). Neurophysiological indices of top-down attentional processing in minimally conscious patients: an ERP study. Brain Injury.  ISSN 0269-9052.  26(4-5), s 667- 668
• Becker, Frank; Løvstad, Marianne; Hauger, Solveig Lægreid & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2011). Bruk av event-related potentials (ERP) i diagnostikken av bevissthetsforstyrrelser.
• Funderud, Ingrid; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor; Voytek, Bradley; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein Ragnar; Knight, Robert T & Lindgren, Magnus (2011). To prepare or not to prepare: Differential Go/Nogo activity in contingent negative variation and EEG spectral power.
• Funderud, Ingrid; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor; Voytek, Bradley; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Knight, Robert T. & Lindgren, Magnus (2011). To prepare or not to prepare: Differrential Go/Nogo activity in contingent negative variation and spectral power.
• Krämer, Ulrike M; Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Endestad, Tor & Knight, Robert T. (2011). The role of the lateral PFC in inhibitory motor control.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Frøslie, Kathrine Frey; Giacino, Joseph; Skandsen, Toril; Anke, Audny & Schanke, Anne-Kristine (2011). Reliability and diagnostic characteristics of the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised: Rater’s level of experience matters.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Lindgren, Magnus; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2011). Focal lesions to the lateral and orbital prefrontal cortex: Neuropsychological profiles and self reported executive functions in everyday living.
• Solbakk, Anne-Kristin & Løvstad, Marianne (2011). Contribution of subregions of human frontal cortex to novelty processing.
• Solbakk, Anne-Kristin; Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Endestad, Tor; Lindgren, Magnus; Meling, Torstein; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Reinvang, Ivar; Knight, Robert T. & Krämer, Ulrike M (2011). Electrophysiological indices of altered inhibitory control and error processing in patients with focal orbitofrontal lesions.
• Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Lindgren, Magnus; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein Ragnar; Knight, Robert Thomas & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2010). Contingent negative variation in patients with orbitofrontal and lateral lesions in the prefrontal cortex.
• Funderud, Ingrid; Løvstad, Marianne; Lindgren, Magnus; Endestad, Tor; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Voytek, Bradley; Knight, Robert T. & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2010). Contingent negative variation in patients with orbitofrontal and lateral lesions in the prefrontal cortex.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Funderud, Ingrid; Lindgren, Magnus; Endestad, Tor; Knight, Robert T.; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Meling, Torstein; Voytek, Bradley & Solbakk, Anne-Kristin (2010). Auditory novelty processing in patients with ventral and lateral lesions in the prefrontal cortex – an Event-Related Potential (ERP) study.
• Løvstad, Marianne (2009). Focal frontal brain injury and cognitive control.
• Løvstad, Marianne; Holte, Ingvil & Olsen, Alexander (2009). Koma og redusert bevissthet etter hjerneskade -Informasjonsbrosjyre for pårørende og omsorgsgivere. Vis sammendrag

  Informasjonsbrosjyre for pårørende og omsorgsgivere Skrevet av Dr. Martin Coleman, Impaired Consciousness Research Group, University of Cambridge. Oversatt til norsk med tillatelse fra Dr. Coleman. Brosjyren er oversatt av Ingvil Laberg Holthe og Marianne Løvstad ved Sunnaas Sykehus og Alexander Olsen (Sunnaas Sykehus/ Trondheim fMRI gruppe, Institutt for Sirkulasjon og Bildediagnostikk, NTNU). Viktige innspill og kommentarer er gitt fra helsepersonell ved St. Olavs Hospital, Universitetssykehuseti Nord-Norge og Sunnaas sykehus HF. Særlig takk til Elisabeth Ursfjord, Toril Skandsen og Anne-Kristine Schanke. Teksten er i noen tilfeller lett omskrevet og tilpasset norske forhold. Når det gjelder utredning og behandling av personer med redusert bevissthet, er det de siste årene etablert samarbeid og felles forskningsprosjekter mellom sykehus i alle landets helseregioner. Vi håper og tror at utstrakt samarbeid mellom helseforetakene bidrar til økt kompetanse og mer ensartet praksis, og derved et bedre behandlingstilbud. INNHOLD Om brosjyren 3 Introduksjon 4 Hva er bevissthet? 5 Hvordan blir bevisstheten redusert etter en hjerneskade? 6 Hva forårsaker redusert bevissthet? 7 Hvordan stilles diagnosen 8 Behandling på sykehus 9 Sensorisk stimulering 11 Fysioterapi 12 Omsorg på lang sikt 13 Prognose 13 Forskning 14 Oppsummering 15 Støtte og mer informasjon 16

• Løvstad, Marianne (2008). Alvorlig redusert bevissthet etter ervervet hjerneskade. Diagnostikk, prognose og behandling ved Vegetativ og Minimalt Bevisst Tilstand.

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