Bård Lahn

• Blaxekjær, Lau Øfjord; Lahn, Bård Lappegård; Nielsen, Tobias Dan; Green-Weiskel, Lucia & Fang, Fang (2021). The Narrative Position of the Like-Minded Developing Countries in Global Climate Negotiations, In Carola Klöck; Paula Castro; Florian Weiler & Lau Øfjord Blaxekjær (ed.),  Coalitions in the Climate Change Negotiations.  Routledge.  ISBN 9780367313210.  7.  s 113 - 135
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). A history of the global carbon budget. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change (WIRESs).  ISSN 1757-7780.  00:e636, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1002/wcc.636 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The idea of a global “carbon budget”—the cumulative amount of “allowable” carbon emissions to meet a global temperature target—has become established as a central concept in climate science and policy. As a concept explicitly aimed at mediating between scientific knowledge and policymaking, the carbon budget has always been actively positioned in relation to ongoing policy debates, but the specific forms this concept has taken have varied. This article reviews key contributions to the carbon budget literature from the 1980s until today, in order to identify how scientists have positioned the concept between the worlds of science and policy. Three main shifts are identified in how the policy relevance of the carbon budget is envisaged in the scientific literature. The shifts can be related in part to developments in climate science, and in part to changes in international climate policy. The history of the carbon budget thus illustrates how science and policy interacts to shape dominant understandings of how climate change can be known and governed.

• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Changing climate change: The carbon budget and the modifying-work of the IPCC. Social Studies of Science.  ISSN 0306-3127. . doi: 10.1177/0306312720941933 Vis sammendrag

  Over the last 10 years, the concept of a global ‘carbon budget’ of allowable CO2 emissions has become ubiquitous in climate science and policy. Since it was brought to prominence by the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC, the carbon budget has changed how climate change is enacted as an issue of public concern, from determining the optimal rate of future emissions to establishing a fixed limit for how much emissions should be allowed before they must be stopped altogether. Exploring the emergence of the carbon budget concept, this article shows how the assessment process of the IPCC has offered scientific experts the means to modify how the climate issue is problematized, and discusses the implications of this ‘modifying-work’ for the politics of climate change. It finds that the ‘modified climate issue’ must be seen as an outcome of the ordinary work within established scientific and political institutions, and the agency these institutions afford scientists to enact the issue differently. On this basis, it argues that the case of the carbon budget holds important insights not only for the relationship between climate science and policy, but also for the pragmatist literature on ‘issue formation’ in STS.

• Bang, Guri & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). From oil as welfare to oil as risk? Norwegian petroleum resource governance and climate policy. Climate Policy.  ISSN 1469-3062. . doi: 10.1080/14693062.2019.1692774 Vis sammendrag

  Norwegian welfare and prosperity have thrived in step with a growing petroleum sector dominating Norway's economy. However, new knowledge about the limits of the world's carbon budget and how this might render some fossil fuel reserves ‘unburnable’ now presents carbon as a potential risk. Carbon risk may be climatic, in that petroleum extraction contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions; or it could be economic, as current investments might end up as ‘stranded assets’ in a world seeking to move beyond oil. Since at least 2013, policy advocacy coalitions have employed the carbon risk concept to challenge two fundamental institutions in Norwegian petroleum resource governance: the licensing of offshore exploration areas and the petroleum tax policy. Drawing on official documents and media statements, as well as workshops and interviews with a broad range of stakeholders in Norwegian climate and petroleum policy, this paper analyses policy processes in which notions of carbon risk have been at the centre of disagreements between opposing advocacy coalitions challenging or defending the status quo of Norwegian petroleum resource governance. We identify a growing mismatch between a discernible change in Norwegian public discourse, on the one hand, and inertia in the petroleum resource management regime, on the other. Increased rhetorical connections between carbon risk and petroleum policies have caused tension and debate that challenge the governance of Norwegian petroleum production.

• Kartha, Sivan; Athanasiou, Tom; Caney, Simon; Cripps, Elizabeth; Dooley, Kate; Dubash, Navroz K.; Teng, Fei; Harris, Paul G.; Holz, Christian; Lahn, Bård Lappegård; Moellendorf, Darrel; Müller, Benito; Roberts, J. Timmons; Sagar, Ambuj; Shue, Henry; Singer, Peter & Winkler, Harald (2018). Cascading biases against poorer countries. Nature Climate Change.  ISSN 1758-678X.  8(5), s 348- 349 . doi: 10.1038/s41558-018-0152-7
• Boasson, Elin Lerum & Lahn, Bård (2017). Norway: A dissonant cognitive leader?, In Rüdiger Wurzel; James Connelly & Duncan Liefferink (ed.),  The European Union in International Climate Change Politics Still Taking a Lead?.  Routledge.  ISBN 9781138647183.  13.  s 189 - 204
• Lahn, Bård (2017). In the light of equity and science: scientific expertise and climate justice after Paris. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics.  ISSN 1567-9764.  18(1), s 29- 43 . doi: 10.1007/s10784-017-9375-8 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The Paris Agreement is built on a tension between the common goal of limiting warming to 1.5 °C, and the differentiation that follows from the principle of equity. Scientific expertise is commonly seen as providing important means to overcome this tension, for example in the Agreement’s “global stocktake”, which is said to be undertaken “in the light of equity and the best available science”. This raises the question of how scholarly communities best can contribute to deliberations on equitable differentiation in the effort required to meet common temperature goals. To discuss this question, the paper looks to the literature within Science and Technology Studies (STS) on the role of science in policymaking, where disagreement exists over the merits of “heating up” controversies through politicization, versus “cooling down” issues by seeking consensus. It assesses two cases in which scientific expertise has engaged with questions of equitable effort-sharing in international climate politics: The “Bali Box” of the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, and the “Civil Society Equity Review” undertaken prior to COP21 in Paris. Based on a comparison of the two cases, it is argued that scientific contributions should not shy away from highlighting conflicts in values and interests, and that “heating up” discussions about climate justice may be a valuable contribution to overcoming the tensions of the Paris Agreement.

• Lahn, Bård & Sundqvist, Göran (2017). Science as a ?fixed point?? Quantification and boundary objects in international climate politics. Environmental Science and Policy.  ISSN 1462-9011.  67, s 8- 15 . doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2016.11.001 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Our understanding of climate change is dominated by quantified scientific knowledge, with science and politics usually seen as operating separately and autonomously from one another. By investigating a particular fact box in the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), this paper challenges the assumption that science and policy can be clearly delineated. The so-called “Bali Box” gained a prominent role in negotiations leading up to the Copenhagen Conference in 2009, as it was widely seen as providing a “fixed point” – a quantified scientific answer to the question of equitable effort-sharing between North and South. This understanding of the Bali Box triggered a backlash, however, when the hybrid character of the box as an assemblage of science, political considerations and moral judgements became evident to actors in the negotiations. The paper employs the notion of boundary objects to analyse the history of the Bali Box, and argues that climate politics will benefit from a richer understanding of the interplay between science and policy. Moving beyond characterizations that place the Bali Box on either side of a clear boundary between the scientific and the political, we suggest focusing instead on what the Box as a hybrid product is doing, i.e. how it simplifies and quantifies, what it covers and what it leaves outside.

• Lahn, Bård (2015). Fra København til Paris: FNs klimatoppmøter og rettferdig fordeling av atmosfæren. Internasjonal Politikk - Skandinavisk tidsskrift for internasjonale studier.  ISSN 0020-577X.  73(4), s 538- 546
• Lahn, Bård & Rowe, Elana Wilson (2015). How to be a "front-runner" : Norway and international climate politics, In Benjamin de Carvalho & Iver Brynild Neumann (ed.),  Small States and Status Seeking : Norway's Quest for International Standing.  Routledge.  ISBN 9780415750363.  7.  s 126 - 145
• Lahn, Bård & Sundqvist, Göran (2015). Et fast punkt for klimaet? Vitenskap og politikk i den svarte "Bali-boksen". Sosiologi i dag.  ISSN 0332-6330.  45(1), s 31- 52

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• Lahn, Bård (2013). Klimaspillet : en fortelling fra innsiden av FNs klimatoppmøter. Flamme forlag.  ISBN 978-82-8288-024-4.  315 s.

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• Alnes, Kristina; Sælen, Håkon; Lund, Harald Francke; Lahn, Bård Lappegård; Eine, Kristin; Alfsen, Knut H. & Schiessl, Bernhard W. (2021). Climate assessments of six key Norwegian sectors. CICERO Report. 02. Vis sammendrag

  The Sustainable Edge sector briefs summarize material climate-related risks and impacts to investors and lenders. The briefscover key risks, emission sources, risk management and climate-related regulation relevant for each sector. They also provide key analyst questions that are important to consider in order to understand the climate risk of companies in the sector. The sector briefs are developed to support capacity building on climate risk in financial institutions. The six sectors covered are agriculture, aluminium, aquaculture, land transport, real estate, and shipping. The next section summarizes some key messages from each brief.

• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). Klimamål i oljedebatten: Kommentarer til Perspektivmeldingen.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). Klimamål, oljeproduksjon og bruk av scenarier.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021, 15. januar). Norway wants to lead on climate change. But first it must face its legacy of oil and gas.. [Internett].  Vox.com.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). Norwegian oil production and global greenhouse gas emissions.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). The climate issue(s): Accounting for the environment.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). Why countries disagree about climate change.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2021). Å sette vitenskapen på (riktig) plass: Bidrag til enquête om Bruno Latour. Vagant.  ISSN 0802-0736.
• Asdal, Kristin & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Valuing the oil economy: On climate targets and ‘tools of valuation’.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Knowledge and expertise in environmental policy.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). The Climate Society and the road ahead.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020, 15. juni). Dagsnytt 18: Politisk styring av oljeindustrien. [Radio].  NRK P2.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Det norske paradokset: Klimaleder og oljeprodusent.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Fem år etter Paris – hvor står vi?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Hva gjør vi med 'produksjonsgapet'?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Miljø- og klimapolitikk: Globalitet og grenser.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Oljen utfordrer norsk klimatroverdighet. Agenda Magasin.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2020). Usikre odds for ny grønn deal. Klassekampen.  ISSN 0805-3839.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård; Hermansen, Erlend Andre T.; Sognnæs, Ida Andrea Braathen & Peters, Glen Philip (2020). How do policymakers use climate mitigation scenario information?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård & Normann, Håkon Endresen (2020). Låst til oljen. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.
• Aamaas, Borgar & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Når vitenskap blir politikk. KLIMA - Et magasin om klimaforskning fra CICERO.
• Hagem, Cathrine; Fæhn, Taran & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Klimaeffekt av oljekutt. Adresseavisen.  ISSN 0805-3804.
• Halvorsen, Kristin & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Planlagt produksjon av fossil energi bryter med klimamålene. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Climate neutrality the Norwegian way: Carbon trading?. Energi og Klima : Norsk klimastiftelses nettmagasin.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Climate neutrality the Norwegian way: Carbon trading?. KLIMA - Et magasin om klimaforskning fra CICERO.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Knowledge and expertise in environmental policy.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Science as a fragile bridge over troubled waters? The role of the IPCC in bridging the ambition gap in the Paris Agreement.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). The Climate Society and the road ahead.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Accounting for the environment: Science and numbers in political and bureaucratic practices.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Bærekraftig utvikling - i Nord og Sør.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). COP 24 og "ambisjonsmekanismen" i Paris-avtalen.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019, 24. september). Dagsnytt 18: Klimatoppmøte i New York. [Radio].  NRK P2.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Distributional justice in the international climate regime.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Internasjonal klimapolitikk - fra Paris til New York.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Internasjonal klimapolitikk for dummies.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Klimasaken: Hva er det vi er uenige om?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Norwegian petroleum policy in a changing climate. CICERO Report. 10. Vis sammendrag

  The report provides an up-to-date account of the debates about how Norway can best handle its paradoxical position between oil dependence and climate leadership ambitions. Historically, political actors have sought to reconcile Norway’s goals of climate leadership and petroleum production by separating climate and petroleum policymaking into separate domains. Over the last ten years, however, this separation has increasingly been challenged, leading to a marked increase in political controversy around the future of the Norwegian oil and gas industry. The report gives an overview of the historical background for Norwegian petroleum and climate policy, and details more recent changes in public attitudes, political fault lines, and more specific policy changes currently under discussion. By focusing on the case of Norway, the report aims to inform broader debates about the relationship between fossil fuel extraction and climate policy, as this relationship is attracting increasing attention from climate policy analysts and policymakers internationally.

• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Olje i klimakamp: Hvor ligger uenighetene?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). "Paris-gapet" mellom globale og nasjonale utslippsmål.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). På leting etter en oljesosiologi: Tre prøveboringer. sosiologen.no.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2019). Økte klimaambisjoner i New York?.
• Vetlesen, Arne Johan; Lahn, Bård Lappegård & Martiniussen, Erik (2019). Hvem er "vi" i klimaendringenes tid?. Prosa - tidsskrift for skribenter.  ISSN 0805-276X.  (1)
• Bang, Guri & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). From oil as welfare to oil as risk? Norwegian petroleum resource governance and climate policy.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Knowledge and expertise in environmental policy.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Norsk klimapolitikk fra Kyoto til Paris: Hvordan henger norske klimamål sammen med det internasjonale klimaregimet?.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). The Climate Society and the road ahead.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T.; Lahn, Bård Lappegård & Kallbekken, Steffen (2018). Paris-avtalen, EU - og norsk klimapolitikk.
• Kristoffersen, Berit & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Challenging status quo through supply-side initiatives in Norway: Way out or far out?.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Accounting for the environment:Science and numbers in political and bueraucratic practices.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Copenhagen to Paris: Distributional justice in the international climate regime.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018, 17. desember). Dagsnytt 18 - Resultatet av klimatoppmøtet. [Radio].  NRK P2.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Det grønne skiftet som samfunnsutfordring. Omtale av boka "Grønn omstilling: Norske veivalg" (red. Håvard Haarstad og Grete Rusten). sosiologen.no.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Hvorfor la elva leve?. KLIMA - Et magasin om klimaforskning fra CICERO.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Klimarapport som stridstema. KLIMA - Et magasin om klimaforskning fra CICERO.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Nye allianser i klimapolitikken. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).  ISSN 0804-3116.  s 18- 18
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). The Climate Society and accounting for the environment: Science and numbers ain political and bureaucratic practices.
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). The history and politics of the carbon budget. Vis sammendrag

  In the ten years since it first reached the public spotlight, the concept of a global “carbon budget” of allowable CO2 emissions has proven to be a productive conceptual innovation in climate science and policy. It has given rise to a large scientific literature as well as new policy discourses and activist approaches. It has however also sparked controversy, with regard to both its scientific merit and its policy relevance – with some commentators arguing that the concept should be abandoned altogether. Drawing on document analysis and interviews with IPCC authors, this paper traces the historical origins of the carbon budget as a concept at the intersection of climate science and policy, from its entangled origins in Earth system science and European climate governance ideals of the 1980s, through to the most recent reports of the IPCC. It focuses in particular on how the assessment process of the IPCC offers means for scientists to modify how climate change is framed as a political issue, and explores the implications of this modifying-work.

• Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2018). Vi er ikke i samme båt. Klassekampen.  ISSN 0805-3839.  s 12- 13
• Lahn, Bård Lappegård & Bang, Guri (2018). From oil as welfare to oil as risk? Norwegian petroleum governance and climate policy.
• Boasson, Elin Lerum; Hermansen, Erlend Andre T. & Lahn, Bård (2017). Fortsatt høye norske klimagassutslipp. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.
• Halvorsen, Kristin & Lahn, Bård (2017). Nye perspektiver på olje og klima. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.
• Hermansen, Erlend Andre T.; Boasson, Elin Lerum & Lahn, Bård Lappegård (2017). Fortsatt høye norske klimautslipp.. Dagens næringsliv.  ISSN 0803-9372.
• Kallbekken, Steffen; Lahn, Bård & Torvanger, Asbjørn (2017). Klimavalg 2017. CICERO Report. 2017:03. Vis sammendrag

  Høsten 2016 fikk CICERO midler fra Norges Forskningsråd for å utvikle en rapport inn mot valget 2017. Etter samtaler med ulike aktører innen politikk, media, organisasjoner og forskning ble det valgt ut fire områder denne rapporten konsentrerer seg rundt. Oljen, de grønne jobbene, transporten og adferden vår. Vi har ikke gjort ny forskning i forbindelse med denne rapporten, men har samlet opp forskning som allerede finnes for å gi et bedre innblikk i disse fire områdene. Vi håper rapporten kan være med på å bidra til en kunnskapsbasert klimadebatt gjennom valgkampen

• Lahn, Bård (2017, 13. september). Dagsnytt Atten: Veien til klimamålene. [Radio].  NRK P2.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Distributional justice in the international climate regime.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Fra Kyoto til Paris: Status i internasjonal klimapolitikk.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Grunnmur for økt innsats: Paris-avtalen og norsk klimapolitikk.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). In search of a 'fixed point': The role of science in climate change law and politics.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Klimapolitikk på tilbudssiden?.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Norsk klimadebatt.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Oljedebatten er kommet for å bli. Dagbladet.no.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Paris-avtalen: Hva betyr den for Norge?.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Redusert oljeutvinning som klimatiltak: Faglige og politiske perspektiver. Policy note. 01. Vis sammendrag

  Å regulere produksjonen av fossile energiressurser har fått økt oppmerksomhet i klimadebatten de siste årene. Mens klimapolitikken tradisjonelt har vært orientert mot å begrense etterspørselen etter kull, olje og gass, er det nå voksende interesse for også å diskutere politiske tiltak rettet mot å begrense tilbudet av fossil energi. Dette gjelder også debatten om norsk olje- og klimapolitikk, med økende oppmerksomhet om hvordan det norske petroleumsregimet bør innrettes for å være i tråd med de langsiktige klimamålene i Paris-avtalen. Karbonbudsjettet for Paris-avtalens temperaturmål tilsier at rommet for bruk av eksisterende olje- og gassreserver er knapt. For å unngå at samfunnsutviklingen låses til et fossilt energisystem som kan vanskeliggjøre framtidige utslippsreduksjoner eller øke omstillingskostnadene, kan det derfor være behov for å kombinere politiske tiltak for redusert etterspørsel etter fossil energi, med en viss regulering også av tilbudssiden. Både i faglitteraturen og i den politiske debatten er det et bredt spekter av synspunkter på hvor sterk politisk regulering av tilbudssiden som kan være fornuftig. Dette notatet gir en oversikt over det faglige grunnlaget for å diskutere denne typen tiltak, og forsøker å systematisere de ulike perspektivene som finnes i den politiske debatten – både globalt og i Norge.

• Lahn, Bård (2017). Rettferdighet i internasjonal klimapolitikk.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Skråsikkerheten skader klimadebatten. Energi og Klima : Norsk klimastiftelses nettmagasin.
• Lahn, Bård (2017, 11. april). Statoil rekrutterer ungdom til oljebransjen utan å snakke om klima. [Radio].  NRK Hordaland.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). Status i norsk klimapolitikk.
• Lahn, Bård (2017). The politics of supply-side policy: Developments in Norwegian political discourse.
• Lahn, Bård (2017, 18. februar). Økt forventning til norsk klimalov.  NTB.
• Lahn, Bård (2016). Beyond the North/South firewall: Equity in climate governance after Paris.
• Lahn, Bård (2016). Climate justice after Paris: Equity in international climate politics.
• Lahn, Bård (2016). For mye eller for lite demokrati?. Klassekampen.  ISSN 0805-3839.
• Lahn, Bård (2016). Forests through the paper mill: Assembling REDD+ through the production of documents. Vis sammendrag

  Documents play a central role in rendering climate change governable, by bridging the perceived gap between the global climate system and the local politics, practices, and material realities that affects it. This thesis explores the role of documents in bringing about a specific technology that allows global climate concerns to have effect on local forests: The approach to reducing deforestation in developing countries known as REDD+. Specifically, the thesis asks how the production of documents within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) shapes REDD+ as a technology for governing deforestation. REDD+ became a central element in the UNFCCC negotiations on a new international agreement on climate change in the period from 2007 to 2010. It was initially seen as a well-known technology that could address the issue of deforestation, understood as a problem of missing economic incentives to preserve the carbon stored in forests. The thesis shows how the documents that were produced in the negotiation process served to shape the outcome, resulting in significant modifications – as well as important continuities – to the original REDD+ proposal. The result was an assemblage that included, but also extended beyond, the final decision from the UN climate conference in Cancún, 2010. The thesis takes a material-semiotic approach to studying documents and the work they do in the climate diplomacy of the UNFCCC negotiations. Its main contribution is a detailed empirical account of the negotiation of one central document in international climate politics – known as Decision 1/CP.16 – based on an extensive archive of drafts and personal experience from the negotiation process. Furthermore, the thesis aims to illustrate how a material-semiotic attention to documents may supplement and nuance the understanding of climate diplomacy in international relations, and existing analyses of REDD+ and climate politics in critical social-scientific literature.

• Lahn, Bård (2016). Fra Kyoto-protokollen til Paris-avtalen: FNs klimaforhandlinger gjennom tre tiår.
• Lahn, Bård (2016). Karbonbudsjettet og oljeleting på norsk sokkel.
• Lahn, Bård & Leiren, Merethe Dotterud (2016). Klimapolitikk i Norden. En sammenlikning av mål og virkemidler i de nordiske landene. Vis sammendrag

  Rapporten sammenligner klimapolitikken i Danmark, Finland, Island, Norge og Sverige. Hovedvekten er lagt på landenes klimamål, overordnet lovverk og sentral virkemiddelbruk. Det gis også en mer dyptgående beskrivelse av klimalovene som er innført eller under utarbeidelse i de nordiske landene, og av klimainnsatsen i transportsektoren. Rapporten påpeker at de nordiske landene framviser en rekke grunnleggende likhetstrekk i sin klimapolitikk, samtidig som det også er flere iøynefallende forskjeller. Variasjoner i energisystem og næringsstruktur knyttet til energi er en nøkkel til å forstå de forskjellige klimapolitiske valgene landene har tatt. Samspillet mellom likheter og forskjeller kan ses som et godt utgangspunkt for økte klimapolitiske ambisjoner, gjensidig inspirasjon og læring. Fra 2020 oppstår det en ny situasjon der alle de nordiske landene vil være en del av EUs felles klimapolitikk, både i og utenfor de kvotepliktige sektorene. Dette kan forsterke mulighetene for nordisk samarbeid i klimapolitikken. Rapporten peker på flere områder der de nordiske landene står overfor felles klimapolitiske utfordringer i tiden som kommer, og der økt nordisk koordinering og samarbeid kan være verdt å diskutere.

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