Anders Martin Fjell

• Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Sneve, Markus Handal; Vidal-Pineiro, Didac; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2019). Elaboration Benefits Source Memory Encoding Through Centrality Change. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9(1), s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39999-1
• Bjørnebekk, Astrid; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Walhovd, Kristine B; Jørstad, Marie Lindvik; Sundset, Øyvind & Fjell, Anders Martin (2019). Cognitive Performance and Structural Brain Correlates in Long-Term Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Exposed and Nonexposed Weightlifters. Neuropsychology.  ISSN 0894-4105.  33(4), s 547- 559 . doi: 10.1037/neu0000537
• Grydeland, Håkon; Vértes, Petra; Váša, František; Romero-Garcia, Rafael; Whitaker, Kirstie; Aaron F., Alexander-Bloch; Bjørnerud, Atle; Patel, Ameera X.; Sederevicius, Donatas; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; White, Simon; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin & Bullmore, Edward T. (2019). Waves of Maturation and Senescence in Microstructural MRI Markers of Human Cortical Myelination over the Lifespan. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  29(3), s 1369- 1381 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy330
• Hauger, Lisa Evju; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B & Bjørnebekk, Astrid (2019). Structural brain characteristics of anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence in men. Addiction.  ISSN 0965-2140.  s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1111/add.14629
• Nygaard, Egil; Slinning, Kari; Moe, Vibeke; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2019). Mental health in youth prenatally exposed to opioids and poly-drugs and raised in permanent foster/adoptive homes: A prospective longitudinal study. Early Human Development.  ISSN 0378-3782.  140 . doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104910 Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Background Little is known about the mental health of prenatally opioid- and polydrug-exposed youth raised in foster/adoptive families. Aim To compare mental health problems among two groups of youth, one prenatally drug-exposed group with participants who were mainly placed in permanent foster or adoptive homes in early infancy and a group without known prenatal risk factors who were raised by their birth parents. Methods The sample consisted of 45 drug-exposed and 48 nonexposed youth between 17 and 22 years old from an original sample of 136 followed since birth. An extended version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to assess lifetime psychiatric disorder, and participants completed the Achenbach Adult Self-Report form and Cantril's Ladder of Life Satisfaction Scale. Results A higher proportion of the youth in the drug-exposed group had lifetime experiences with major depressive episodes, alcohol abuse and attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder (OR > 3, p ≤ .030). They scored higher on the aggressive behavior scale, had more sexual partners and were younger at their sexual debut (p ≤ .030). There were no group differences in current self-reported satisfaction with life. Conclusion Youth exposed to drugs prenatally continue to represent a risk group despite early placement in permanent foster and adoptive homes. The factors contributing to this elevated risk may be multifaceted and involve adverse prenatal conditions including but not limited to drug exposure, genetics, and postnatal environmental conditions. The results highlight the need for longitudinal follow-up in the transition to adulthood as well as qualified service provision for these youth and their families.

• Smith, Steve; Duff, Eugene; Groves, Adrian; Nichols, Thomas E; Jbabdi, Saad; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Engvig, Andreas; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Johansen-Berg, Heidi & Douaud, Gwenaëlle (2019). Structural Variability in the Human Brain Reflects Fine-Grained Functional Architecture at the Population Level. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  39, s 6136- 6149
• Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Sneve, Markus Handal; Nyberg, Lars; Mowinckel, Athanasia Monika; Sederevicius, Donatas; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2019). Maintained Frontal Activity Underlies High Memory Function Over 8 Years in Aging. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  29(7), s 3111- 3123 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy177 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Øverbye, Knut; Walhovd, Kristine B; Paus, Tomáš; Fjell, Anders Martin; Huster, Rene & Tamnes, Christian Krog (2019). Error processing in the adolescent brain: Age-related differences in electrophysiology, behavioral adaptation, and brain morphology. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience.  ISSN 1878-9293.  38 . doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100665
• Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Sneve, Markus Handal; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2018). The lifespan trajectory of the encoding-retrieval flip: A multimodal examination of medial parietal cortex contributions to episodic memory. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  38(40), s 8666- 8679 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1702-17.2018
• Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli; de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Rohani, Darius; Sneve, Markus Handal; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). Multimodal cortical and hippocampal prediction of episodic‐memory plasticity in young and older adults. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  39(11), s 4480- 4492 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.24287
• de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli; Rohani, Darius; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). The Temporal Dynamics of Brain Plasticity in Aging. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211. . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy003
• Ferschmann, Lia; Fjell, Anders Martin; Vollrath, Margarete E.; Grydeland, Håkon; Walhovd, Kristine B & Tamnes, Christian Krog (2018). Personality Traits Are Associated With Cortical Development Across Adolescence: A Longitudinal Structural MRI Study. Child Development.  ISSN 0009-3920.  89(3), s 811- 822 . doi: 10.1111/cdev.13016
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Chen, Chi-Hua Chen; Sederevicius, Donatas; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Ferschmann, Lia; Ness, Hedda; Folvik, Line; Beck, Dani; Mowinckel, Athanasia Monika; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westerhausen, René; Håberg, Asta; Dale, Anders M & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). Continuity and discontinuity in human cortical development and change from embryonic stages to old age. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy266 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Bjørnerud, Atle; Sampaio-Baptista, Cassandra; Andersson, Jesper; Johansen-Berg, Heidi & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). Development of white matter microstructure in relation to verbal and visuospatial working memory - A longitudinal study. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13:e0195540(4), s 1- 22 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195540
• Langnes, Espen; Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Sneve, Markus Handal; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2018). Development and decline of the hippocampal long-axis specialization and differentiation during encoding and retrieval of episodic memories. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  s 1- 17 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy209 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nyberg, Claudia Kim; Nordvik, Jan Egil; Becker, Frank; Rohani, Darius; Sederevicius, Donatas; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). A longitudinal study of computerized cognitive training in stroke patients - effects on cognitive function and white matter. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.  ISSN 1074-9357.  25(4), s 241- 247 . doi: 10.1080/10749357.2018.1443570
• Nygaard, Egil; Slinning, Kari; Moe, Vibeke; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2018). Neuroanatomical characteristics of youths with prenatal opioid and poly-drug exposure. Neurotoxicology and Teratology.  ISSN 0892-0362.  68, s 13- 26 . doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2018.04.004 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Skumlien, Martine; Sederevicius, Donatas; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B & Westerhausen, Rene (2018). Parallel but independent reduction of emotional awareness and corpus callosum connectivity in older age. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13(12), s 1- 18 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209915 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Rosa, Marcello G P; Paus, Tomáš; Chaplin, Tristan; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2018). High-expanding regions in primate cortical brain evolution support supramodal cognitive flexibility. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy268 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Øverbye, Knut; Ferschmann, Lia; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne & Dumontheil, Iroise (2018). Social perspective taking is associated with self-reported prosocial behavior and regional cortical thickness across adolescence. Developmental Psychology.  ISSN 0012-1649.  54(9), s 1745- 1757 . doi: 10.1037/dev0000541
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Westerhausen, René; Nyberg, L; Ebmeier, K P; Lindenberger, U; Bartres-Faz, D; Baare, W F C; Siebner, H R; Henson, R; Drevon, C A; Knudsen, Gun Peggy S.; Ljøsne, Isabelle Budin; Penninx, B W J H; Ghisletta, P; Røgeberg, Ole; Tyler, L & Bertram, L (2018). Healthy minds 0-100 years: Optimising the use of European brain imaging cohorts ("Lifebrain"). European psychiatry.  ISSN 0924-9338.  50, s 47- 56 . doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.12.006 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Øverbye, Knut; Huster, Rene; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin & Tamnes, Christian Krog (2018). Development of the P300 from childhood to adulthood: a multimodal EEG and MRI study. Brain Structure and Function.  ISSN 1863-2653.  223, s 4337- 4349 . doi: 10.1007/s00429-018-1755-5
• de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli; Rohani, Darius; Grydeland, Håkon; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2017). The Effects of Memory Training on Behavioral and Microstructural Plasticity in Young and Older Adults. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  38(11), s 5666- 5680 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.23756 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Idland, Ane-Victoria; Sala Llonch, Roser; Watne, Leiv Otto; Borza, Tom; Brækhus, Anne; Lona, Tarjei; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Wyller, Torgeir Bruun & Walhovd, Kristine B (2017). Neuroinflammation and tau interact with amyloid in predicting sleep problems in aging independently of atrophy. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  28(8), s 2775- 2785 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhx157
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Yendiki, Anastasia & Walhovd, Kristine B (2017). Relationship between structural and functional connectivity change across the lifespan – a longitudinal investigation. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  38(1), s 561- 573 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.23403 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Idland, Ane-Victoria; Roser, Sala-Llonch; Borza, Tom; Watne, Leiv Otto; Wyller, Torgeir Bruun; Brækhus, Anne; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2017). CSF neurofilament light levels predict hippocampal atrophy in cognitively healthy older adults. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  49, s 138- 144 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.09.012 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Sala Llonch, Roser; Idland, Ane-Victoria; Borza, Tom; Watne, Leiv Otto; Wyller, Torgeir Bruun; Brækhus, Anne; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2017). Inflammation, Amyloid, and Atrophy in The Aging Brain: Relationships with Longitudinal Changes in Cognition. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.  ISSN 1387-2877.  58(3), s 829- 840 . doi: 10.3233/JAD-161146 Vis sammendrag

  Amyloid deposition occurs in aging, even in individuals free from cognitive symptoms, and is often interpreted as preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathophysiology. YKL-40 is a marker of neuroinflammation, being increased in AD, and hypothesized to interact with amyloid-β (Aβ) in causing cognitive decline early in the cascade of AD pathophysiology. Whether and how Aβ and YKL-40 affect brain and cognitive changes in cognitively healthy older adults is still unknown. We studied 89 participants (mean age: 73.1 years) with cerebrospinal fluid samples at baseline, and both MRI and cognitive assessments from two time-points separated by two years. We tested how baseline levels of Aβ42 and YKL-40 correlated with changes in cortical thickness and cognition. Thickness change correlated with Aβ42 only in Aβ42+ participants (<600 pg/mL, n = 27) in the left motor and premotor cortices. Aβ42 was unrelated to cognitive change. Increased YKL-40 was associated with less preservation of scores on the animal naming test in the total sample (r = –0.28, p = 0.012) and less preservation of a score reflecting global cognitive function for Aβ42+ participants (r = –0.58, p = 0.004). Our results suggest a role for inflammation in brain atrophy and cognitive changes in cognitively normal older adults, which partly depended on Aβ accumulation.

• Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Langnes, Espen; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2017). Decoupling of large-scale brain networks supports the consolidation of durable episodic memories. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  153, s 336- 345 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.048 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Vidal-Piñeiro, Didac; Sneve, Markus Handal; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Roe, James Michael; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2017). Neural correlates of durable memories across the adult lifespan: brain activity at encoding and retrieval. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  60, s 20- 33 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.017 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Westerhausen, Rene; Friesen, Charline-Marie; Rohani, Darius; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Skranes, Jon Sverre; Håberg, Asta; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2017). The corpus callosum as anatomical marker of intelligence? A critical examination in a large-scale developmental study. Brain Structure and Function.  ISSN 1863-2653.  223, s 285- 296 . doi: 10.1007/s00429-017-1493-0
• Almaas, Astrid; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Nakstad, Britt; Henriksen, Christine; Grydeland, Håkon; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Iversen, Per Ole & Drevon, Christian A (2016). Diffusion tensor imaging and behavior in premature infants at 8 years of age, a randomized controlled trial with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Early Human Development.  ISSN 0378-3782.  95, s 41- 46 . doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.01.021
• Amlien, Inge; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Chaplin, Tristan A.; Rosa, Marcello G.P. & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). Organizing Principles of Human Cortical Development - Thickness and Area from 4 to 30 Years: Insights from Comparative Primate Neuroanatomy. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  26(1), s 257- 267 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu214
• Chepkoech, Joy-Loi; Walhovd, Kristine B; Grydeland, Håkon & Fjell, Anders Martin (2016). Effects of change in FreeSurfer version on classification accuracy of patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  37(5), s 1831- 1841 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.23139
• de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli; Grydeland, Håkon; Sexton, Claire; Johansen-Berg, Heidi; Andersson, Jesper L.R.; Rohani, Darius; Nyberg, Lars; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). White-matter integrity as a marker for cognitive plasticity in aging. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  47, s 74- 82 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.007
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Storsve, Andreas Berg & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). The Disconnected Brain and Executive Function Decline in Aging. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211. . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhw082 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Grydeland, Håkon; Yendiki, Anastasia & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). Brain Events Underlying Episodic Memory Changes in Aging: A Longitudinal Investigation of Structural and Functional Connectivity. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  26(3), s 1272- 1286 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv102 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Grydeland, Håkon; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2016). Intracortical Posterior Cingulate Myelin Content Relates to Error Processing – Results From T1- and T2-weighted MRI Myelin Mapping and Electrophysiology in Healthy Adults. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  26(6), s 2402- 2410 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv065 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon; Ferschmann, Lia; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Bjørnerud, Atle; Sampaio-Baptista, Cassandra; Andersson, Jesper; Johansen-Berg, Heidi & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). Changes in white matter microstructure in the developing brain - A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study of children from 4 to 11years of age. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  124, s 473- 486 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.017
• Piñeiro, Didac Vidal; Walhovd, Kristine B; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Grydeland, Håkon; Rohani, Darius Adam & Fjell, Anders Martin (2016). Accelerated longitudinal gray/white matter contrast decline in aging in lightly myelinated cortical regions. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  37(10), s 3669- 3684 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.23267 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Storsve, Andreas Berg; Fjell, Anders Martin; Yendiki, Anastasia & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). Longitudinal changes in white matter tract integrity across the adult lifespan and its relation to cortical thinning. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  11(6) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156770 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Giedd, J; Dale, AM & Brown, Timothy T. (2016). Through thick and thin: A need to reconcile contradictory results on trajectories in human cortical development. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211. . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv301 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Bartsch, Hauke; Bjørnerud, Atle; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Grydeland, Håkon; Hagler, D.; Håberg, Asta; Kremen, William S.; Ferschmann, Lia; Nyberg, Lars; Panizzon, Matthew S; Rohani, Darius; Skranes, Jon Sverre; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Sølsnes, Anne Elisabeth; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Thompson, Wesley K.; Reuter, Chase; Dale, Anders & Fjell, Anders Martin (2016). Neurodevelopmental origins of lifespan changes in brain and cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  113(33), s 9357- 9362 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1524259113 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Westerhausen, Rene; de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Bråthen, Anne Cecilie Sjøli; Grydeland, Håkon; Engvig, Andreas & Fjell, Anders Martin (2016). Premises of plasticity - And the loneliness of the medial temporal lobe. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  131, s 48- 54 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.060 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Westerhausen, Rene; Fjell, Anders Martin; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Rohani, Darius Adam; Skranes, Jon Sverre; Håberg, Asta & Walhovd, Kristine B (2016). Selective increase in posterior corpus callosum thickness between the age of 4 and 11 years. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  139, s 17- 25 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.008
• Almaas, Astrid; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Nakstad, Britt; Henriksen, Christine; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Drevon, Christian A & Iversen, Per Ole (2015). Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in VLBW infants at 8 years: An RCT. Pediatrics.  ISSN 0031-4005.  135(6), s 972- 980 . doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-4094
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Chaplin, Tristan; Rosa, Marcello & Walhovd, Kristine B (2015). The roots of Alzheimer's disease: Are high-expanding cortical areas preferentially targeted?. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  25(9), s 2556- 2565 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu055 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Rohani, Darius Adam; Ferschmann, Lia; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Sala Llonch, Roser; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Bjørnerud, Atle; Sølsnes, Anne Elisabeth; Håberg, Asta; Skranes, Jon Sverre; Bartsch, Hauke; Chen, Chi-Hua; Thompson, Wesley K.; Panizzon, Matthew S.; Kremen, William S.; Dale, Anders M. & Walhovd, Kristine B (2015). Development and aging of cortical thickness correspond to genetic organization patterns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  112(50), s 15462- 15467 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1508831112 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  There is a growing realization that early life influences have lasting impact on brain function and structure. Recent research has demon- strated that genetic relationships in adults can be used to parcellate the cortex into regions of maximal shared genetic influence, and a major hypothesis is that genetically progr ammed neurodevel opmental events cause a lasting impact on the organization of the cerebral cortex observable decades later. Here we tested how developmental and lifespan changes in cortical thickness fit the underlying genetic organi- zational principles of co rtical thickness in a longitudinal sample of 974 participants between 4.1 and 88.5 y of age with a total of 1,633 scans, including 773 scans from children below 12 y. Genetic clustering of cortical thickness was based on an independent dataset of 406 adult twins. Developmental and adult age- related changes in cortical thick- ness followed closely the genetic organization of the cerebral cortex, with change rates varying as a functi on of genetic similarity between regions. Cortical regions with overlapping genetic architecture showed correlated development al and adult age change trajectories and vice versa for regions with low genetic overlap. Thus, effects of genes on regional variations in cortical thickness in middle age can be traced to regional differences in neurodevelopmental change rates and extrap- olated to further adult aging-related cortical thinning. This finding suggests that genetic factors contribute to cortical changes through life and calls for a lifespan perspective i n research aimed at identifying the genetic and environmental determinants of cortical development and aging.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Storsve, Andreas Berg; de Lange, Ann-Marie Glasø; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Røgeberg, Ole & Walhovd, Kristine B (2015). Functional connectivity change across multiple cortical networks relates to episodic memory changes in aging. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  36(12), s 3255- 3268 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.08.020 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Grydeland, Håkon; Engvig, Andreas; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar; Lundervold, Astri; Lundervold, Arvid & Walhovd, Kristine B (2015). High-expanding cortical regions in human development and evolution are related to higher intellectual abilities. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  25, s 26- 34 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht201 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Jack, Clifford R.; Barnes, Josephine; Bernstein, Matt A.; Borowski, Bret J.; Brewer, James; Clegg, Shona; Dale, Anders M.; Carmichael, Owen; Ching, Christopher; DeCarli, Charles; Desikan, Rahul S.; Fennema-Notestine, Christine; Fjell, Anders Martin; Fletcher, Evan; Fox, Nick C.; Gunter, Jeff; Gutman, Boris A.; Holland, Dominic; Hua, Xue; Insel, Philip; Kantarci, Kejal; Killiany, Ron J.; Krueger, Gunnar; Leung, Kelvin K.; Mackin, Scott; Maillard, Pauline; Malone, Ian B.; Mattsson, Niklas; McEvoy, Linda; Modat, Marc; Mueller, Susanne; Nosheny, Rachel; Ourselin, Sebastien; Schuff, Norbert; Senjem, Matthew L.; Simonson, Alix; Thompson, Paul M.; Rettmann, Dan; Vemuri, Prashanthi; Walhovd, Kristine B; Zhao, Yansong; Zuk, Samantha & Weiner, Michael (2015). Magnetic resonance imaging in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2. Alzheimer's & Dementia.  ISSN 1552-5260.  11(7), s 740- 756 . doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.05.002
• Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Andersson, Stein; Zeller, Bernward; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Fosså, Sophie Dorothea & Ruud, Ellen (2015). Neurocognitive Outcome in Very Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Treatment with Chemotherapy Only. Pediatric Blood & Cancer.  ISSN 1545-5009.  63(1), s 133- 138 . doi: 10.1002/pbc.25690
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen; de Rodez Benavent, Sigrid Aune; Sowa, Piotr; Gustavsen, Marte Wendel; Fjell, Anders Martin; Landrø, Nils Inge; Walhovd, Kristine B & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). A longitudinal study of disability, cognition and gray matter atrophy in early multiple sclerosis patients according to evidence of disease activity. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  10(8) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135974 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nygaard, Gro Owren; Walhovd, Kristine B; Sowa, Piotr; Chepkoech, Joy-Loi; Bjørnerud, Atle; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Landrø, Nils Inge; Damangir, Soheil; Spulber, Gabriela; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Kristiansen Beyer, Mona; Fjell, Anders Martin; Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen & Harbo, Hanne Flinstad (2015). Cortical thickness and surface area relate to specific symptoms in early relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis.  ISSN 1352-4585.  21(4), s 402- 414 . doi: 10.1177/1352458514543811
• Sneve, Markus Handal; Grydeland, Håkon; Nyberg, Lars; Bowles, Ben; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Langnes, Espen; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2015). Mechanisms underlying encoding of short-lived versus durable episodic memories. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  35(13), s 5202- 5212 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4434-14.2015 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Zeller, Bernward; Amlien, Inge; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Andersson, Stein; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Ruud, Ellen; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2015). Cortical surface area and thickness in adult survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Blood & Cancer.  ISSN 1545-5009.  62(6), s 1027- 1034 . doi: 10.1002/pbc.25386
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Bjørnebekk, Astrid; Haabrekke, Kristin Johanne; Siqveland, Torill; Slinning, Kari; Nygaard, Egil; Fjell, Anders Martin; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Bjørnerud, Atle & Moe, Vibeke (2015). Child Neuroanatomical, Neurocognitive, and Visual Acuity Outcomes With Maternal Opioid and Polysubstance Detoxification. Pediatric Neurology.  ISSN 0887-8994.  52(3), s 326- 332.e3 . doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.11.008
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Bjørnerud, Atle; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Holland, Dominic; Dale, Anders M. & Fjell, Anders Martin (2015). Maturation of Cortico-Subcortical Structural Networks - Segregation and Overlap of Medial Temporal and Fronto-Striatal Systems in Development. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  25(7), s 1835- 1841 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht424
• Amlien, Inge & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neuroscience.  ISSN 0306-4522.  276, s 206- 215 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.017
• Bjørnebekk, Astrid; Siqveland, Torill; Haabrekke, Kristin Johanne; Moe, Vibeke; Slinning, Kari; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). Development of children born to mothers with mental health problems: subcortical volumes and cognitive performance at 4½ years. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.  ISSN 1018-8827.  24(1), s 115- 118 . doi: 10.1007/s00787-014-0625-9
• Douaud, Gwenaëlle; Groves, Adrian; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Duff, Eugene; Engvig, Andreas; Walhovd, Kristine B; James, Anthony; Gass, Achim; Monsch, Andreas U.; Matthews, Paul M.; Fjell, Anders Martin; Smith, Stephen & Johansen-Berg, Heidi (2014). A common brain network links development, aging, and vulnerability to disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  111(49), s 17648- 17653 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1410378111
• Engvig, Andreas; Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Skaane, Nina Voss; Dale, Anders M.; Holland, Dominic; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Sundset, Øyvind & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). Effects of Cognitive Training on Gray Matter Volumes in Memory Clinic Patients with Subjective Memory Impairment. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.  ISSN 1387-2877. . doi: 10.3233/JAD-131889 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; McEvoy, Linda; Holland, Dominic; Dale, Anders & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). What is normal in normal aging? Effects of aging, amyloid and Alzheimer's disease on the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Progress in Neurobiology.  ISSN 0301-0082.  117, s 20- 40 . doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.02.004 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar; Raz, Naftali; Dale, Anders & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). Accelerating cortical thinning: Unique to dementia or universal in aging?. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  24(4), s 919- 934 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs379
• Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Fjell, Anders Martin; Amlien, Inge; Grydeland, Håkon; Sulutvedt, Unni; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Bjørnerud, Atle; Sølsnes, Anne Elisabeth; Håberg, Asta; Skranes, Jon Sverre & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). Development of hippocampal subfield volumes from 4 to 22 years. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  35(11), s 5646- 5657 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.22576 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nordvik, Jan Egil; Walle, Kjersti Mæhlum; Nyberg, Claudia; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Tornås, Sveinung (2014). Bridging the gap between clinical neuroscience and cognitive rehabilitation: The role of cognitive training, models of neuroplasticity and advanced neuroimaging in future brain injury rehabilitation. NeuroRehabilitation (Reading, MA).  ISSN 1053-8135.  34(1), s 81- 85 . doi: 10.3233/NRE-131017
• Sexton, Claire E; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Walhovd, Kristine B; Johansen-Berg, Heidi & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Poor Sleep Quality is Associated With Increased Cortical Atrophy in Community-Dwelling Adults. Neurology.  ISSN 0028-3878.  83(11), s 967- 973 . doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000774
• Sexton, Claire E; Walhovd, Kristine B; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Johansen-Berg, Heidi & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Accelerated changes in white matter microstructure during aging: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  34(46), s 15425- 15436 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0203-14.2014
• Storsve, Andreas Berg; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Øverbye, Knut; Aasland, Hilde Wiede & Walhovd, Kristine B (2014). Differential longitudinal changes in cortical thickness, surface area and volume across the adult lifespan: Regions of accelerating and decelerating change. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  34(25), s 8488- 8498 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0391-14.2014 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Strømmen, Kenneth; Blakstad, Elin Wahl; Moltu, Sissel; Almaas, Astrid; Westerberg, Ane Cecilie; Amlien, Inge; Rønnestad, Arild Erlend; Nakstad, Britt; Drevon, Christian A; Bjørnerud, Atle; Courivaud, Fredric A A; Hol, Per Kristian; Veierød, Marit Bragelien; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B & Iversen, Per Ole (2014). Enhanced Nutrient Supply to Very Low Birth Weight Infants is Associated with Improved White Matter Maturation and Head Growth. Neonatology.  ISSN 1661-7800.  107(1), s 68- 75 . doi: 10.1159/000368181
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Walhovd, Kristine B; Engvig, Andreas; Grydeland, Håkon; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Østby, Ylva; Holland, Dominic; Dale, Anders & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Regional hippocampal volumes and development predict learning and memory. Developmental Neuroscience.  ISSN 0378-5866.  36(3-4), s 161- 174 . doi: 10.1159/000362445 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin & Espeseth, Thomas (2014). Cognitive decline and brain pathology in aging - need for a dimensional, lifespan and systems vulnerability view. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.  ISSN 0036-5564.  55(3), s 244- 254 . doi: 10.1111/sjop.12120 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Storsve, Andreas Berg; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Drevon, Christian A & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Blood markers of fatty acids and vitamin D, cardiovascular measures, body mass index, and physical activity relate to longitudinal cortical thinning in normal aging. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  35(5), s 1055- 1064 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.11.011
• Walhovd, Kristine B; Tamnes, Christian Krog & Fjell, Anders Martin (2014). Brain structural maturation and the foundations of cognitive behavioral development. Current Opinion in Neurology.  ISSN 1350-7540.  27(2), s 176- 184 . doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000074 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Amlien, Inge; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Selnes, Per; Stenset, Vidar; Grambaite, Ramune; Bjørnerud, Atle; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Skinningsrud, Anders; Gjerstad, Leif; Reinvang, Ivar & Fladby, Tormod (2013). Mild cognitive impairment: cerebrospinal fluid tau biomarker pathologic levels and longitudinal changes in white matter integrity. Radiology.  ISSN 0033-8419.  266(1), s 295- 303 . doi: 10.1148/radiol.12120319
• Bjørnebekk, Astrid; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Grydeland, Håkon; Torgersen, Svenn & Westlye, Lars Tjelta (2013). Neuronal correlates of the five factor model (FFM) of human personality: Multimodal imaging in a large healthy sample. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  65, s 194- 208 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.009 Vis sammendrag

  Advances in neuroimaging techniques have recently provided glimpse into the neurobiology of complex traits of human personality. Whereas some intriguing findings have connected aspects of personality to variations in brain morphology, the relations are complex and our current understanding is incomplete. Therefore, we aimed to provide a comprehensive investigation of brain–personality relations using a multimodal neuroimaging approach in a large sample comprising 265 healthy individuals. The NEO Personality Inventory was used to provide measures of core aspects of human personality, and imaging phenotypes included measures of total and regional brain volumes, regional cortical thickness and arealization, and diffusion tensor imaging indices of white matter (WM) microstructure. Neuroticism was the trait most clearly linked to brain structure. Higher neuroticism including facets reflecting anxiety, depression and vulnerability to stress was associated with smaller total brain volume, widespread decrease in WM microstructure, and smaller frontotemporal surface area. Higher scores on extraversion were associated with thinner inferior frontal gyrus, and conscientiousness was negatively associated with arealization of the temporoparietal junction. No reliable associations between brain structure and agreeableness and openness, respectively, were found. The results provide novel evidence of the associations between brain structure and variations in human personality, and corroborate previous findings of a consistent neuroanatomical basis of negative emotionality.

• Chen, Xue; Errangi, Barghav; Li, Lonchuan; Glasser, Matthew F; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Hu, Xiaoping; Herndon, James G.; Preuss, Todd M. & Rilling, James K. (2013). Brain aging in humans, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): magnetic resonance imaging studies of macro- and microstructural changes. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  34(10), s 2248- 2260 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.028
• Fjell, Anders Martin; McEvoy, Linda K.; Holland, Dominic; Dale, Anders M. & Walhovd, Kristine B (2013). Brain Changes in Older Adults at Very Low Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  33(19), s 8237- U511 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5506-12.2013
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar; Raz, Naftali; Holland, Dominic; Dale, Anders & Walhovd, Kristine B (2013). Critical ages in the life course of the adult brain: nonlinear subcortical aging. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  34(10), s 2239- 2247 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.04.006 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Grydeland, Håkon; Walhovd, Kristine B; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). Intracortical Myelin Links with Performance Variability across the Human Lifespan: Results from T1-and T2-Weighted MRI Myelin Mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  33(47), s 18618- 18630 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2811-13.2013 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Grydeland, Håkon; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). Improved Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease with Longitudinal White Matter/Gray Matter Contrast Changes. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  34(11), s 2775- 2785 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.22103
• Hogstrom, Larson; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Walhovd, Kristine B & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). The structure of the cerebral cortex across adult life: age-related patterns of surface area, thickness and gyrification. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  23(11), s 2521- 2530 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs231
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Walhovd, Kristine B; Dale, Anders M.; Østby, Ylva; Grydeland, Håkon; Richardson, George; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Roddey, J Cooper; Hagler, Donald J.; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Holland, Dominic; Fjell, Anders Martin & Database, ADNI (2013). Brain development and aging: Overlapping and unique patterns of change. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  68, s 63- 74 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.039
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Walhovd, Kristine B; Grydeland, Håkon; Holland, Dominic; Østby, Ylva; Dale, Anders M. & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). Longitudinal Working Memory Development Is Related to Structural Maturation of Frontal and Parietal Cortices. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.  ISSN 0898-929X.  25(10), s 1611- 1623 . doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00434 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Walhovd, Kristine B; Torstveit, Mari; Sells, Victoria Torp & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). Performance monitoring in children and adolescents: A review of developmental changes in the error-related negativity and brain maturation. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience.  ISSN 1878-9293.  6, s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2013.05.001 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Zeller, Bernward; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Amlien, Inge; Andersson, Stein; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Ruud, Ellen (2013). Reduced Neuroanatomic Volumes in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Clinical Oncology.  ISSN 0732-183X.  31, s 2078- 2085 . doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.47.4031
• Bjørnebekk, Astrid; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Fjell, Anders Martin; Grydeland, Håkon & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). Social Reward Dependence and Brain White Matter Microstructure. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211.  22(11), s 2672- 2679 . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhr345 Vis sammendrag

  People show consistent differences in their cognitive and emotional responses to environmental cues, manifesting e.g. as variability in social reward processing and novelty seeking behavior. However, the neurobiological foundation of human temperament and personality is poorly understood. A likely hypothesis is that personality traits rely on the integrity and function of distributed neurocircuitry. In this diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study, this hypothesis was tested by examining the associations between reward dependence (RD) and novelty seeking (NS), as measured by Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) as DTI derived indices of white matter microstructure across the brain. The results supported the hypothesis. RD was associated with WM architecture coherence as indicated by a negative correlation between RD and FA in frontally distributed areas including pathways connecting important constituents of reward related neurocircuitry. The associations between RD and FA could not be explained by age, sex, alcohol consumption or trait anxiety. In contrast, no effects were observed for NS. These findings support the theory that WM fiber tract properties modulate individual differences in social reward processing.

• Engvig, Andreas; Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Moberget, Torgeir; Sundset, Øyvind; Larsen, Vivi Agnete & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). Memory training impacts short-term changes in aging white matter: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Human Brain Mapping.  ISSN 1065-9471.  33(10), s 2390- 2406 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.21370
• Engvig, Andreas; Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Skaane, Nina Voss; Sundset, Øyvind & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). Hippocampal subfield volumes correlate with memory training benefit in subjective memory impairment. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  61(1), s 188- 194 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.02.072 Vis sammendrag

  Although some older adults experiencing memory problems have been shown to benefit from cognitive training, evidence regarding who will improve from this type of intervention is lacking. Automated hippocampal volumetry might be used to foresee treatment outcomes. We hypothesized that larger hippocampal volumes are associated with greater memory performance changes following training, and that effects are selectively related to specific hippocampal subfields. 19 memory clinic outpatients with subjective memory impairment (mean age=60.9 years) underwent MRI-scanning and then followed an eight week training scheme aimed at improving verbal memory. We assessed verbal memory before and after training, and tested whether pretraining hippocampal volumes were related to memory improvements. To delineate regional specificity, we employed a new technique enabling automated volumetry of seven hippocampal subfields — including the cornu ammonis (CA) sectors and the dentate gyrus (DG). The results showed that larger hippocampal volumes before training were related to greater verbal recall improvements. Subfield volumetry revealed specific correlations between memory improvement and pretraining volumes of the left CA2/3 and CA4/DG. Depressive symptoms further gave a unique contribution in predicting gain of the intervention, independent of hippocampal volume. The results indicated that subjects with a stronger depressive symptom load benefited more from the training. A prediction model including baseline CA2/3-volume and depressive symptoms explained 42% of the variation in recall improvement. Our results are the first to suggest that hippocampal subfield volumetry is related to intervention outcomes in older adults experiencing memory problems. Also, previous studies have tended to exclude patients with concomitant depressive symptoms and memory complaints. The present results, however, strengthen the rationale and potential for cognitive intervention in these patients.

• Espeseth, Thomas; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Walhovd, Kristine B; Fjell, Anders Martin; Endestad, Tor; Rootwelt, Helge & Reinvang, Ivar (2012). Apolipoprotein E ε4-related thickening of the cerebral cortex modulates selective attention. Neurobiology of Aging.  ISSN 0197-4580.  33(2), s 304- 322 . doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.12.027 Vis sammendrag

  APOE ε4 carriers have thicker cortex in several neocortical areas than ε4 noncarriers (Espeseth T., Westlye L.T., Fjell A.M., Walhovd K.B., Rootwelt H., Reinvang I., 2008. Accelerated age-related cortical thinning in healthy carriers of apolipoprotein E ε4. Neurobiol. Aging 29, 329–340). To investigate potential physiological and cognitive correlates of these anatomical effects structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained from 20 APOE ε3 homozygotes and 20 ε4 hetero- and homozygotes, and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a selective attention task (i.e. three-stimulus oddball). Several areas in both hemispheres were thicker in ε4 carriers than in noncarriers. ε4 carriers also had lower amplitudes to distractors (P3a) and lower target detection accuracy than noncarriers. Mean thickness in cortical areas were correlated with P3a amplitudes, which in turn correlated with accuracy. Path analyses showed that APOE-related difference in accuracy was mediated by APOE-related differences in cortical thickness and P3a amplitudes. The results suggest that APOE ε4 modulates the structural integrity of critical nodes in brain attentional networks.

• Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). Neuroimaging Results Impose New Views on Alzheimer's Disease-the Role of Amyloid Revised. Molecular Neurobiology.  ISSN 0893-7648.  45(1), s 153- 172 . doi: 10.1007/s12035-011-8228-7
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Brown, Timothy; Kuperman, Joshua M.; Chung, Yoonho; Hagler, Donald J.; Venkatraman, Vijay; Roddey, J Cooper; Erhart, Matthew; McCabe, Connor; Akshoomoff, Natacha; Amaral, David; Bloss, Cinnamon S.; Libiger, Ondrej; Darst, Burcu F; Schork, Nicholas J.; Casey, B.J.; Chang, Linda; Ernst, Thomas; Gruen, Jeffrey R.; Kaufmann, Walter E.; Kenet, Tal; Frazier, Jean; Murray, Sarah S.; Sowell, Elizabeth R.; van Zijl, Peter; Mostofsky, Stewart; Jernigan, Terry L. & Dale, Anders M. (2012). Multimodal imaging of the self-regulating developing brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  109(48), s 19620- 19625 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1208243109
• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Amlien, Inge & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). A multi-modal investigation of behavioral adjustment: Post-error slowing is associated with white matter characteristics. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  61(1), s 195- 205 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.007 Vis sammendrag

  When people make mistakes in speeded cognitive tasks, their response time on the next trial will typically be slower. This is referred to as post-error slowing (PES), and is important for optimization of performance, but its exact function remains to be decided. However, although PES is relatively stable over time, we have almost no knowledge about how PES is affected by structural brain characteristics. The aim of this study was to test to what extent white matter (WM) macro- and microstructure can account for individual differences in PES. PES was calculated for 255 healthy participants who performed a modified version of the Eriksen flanker task and underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). PES was positively related to WM volume in the caudal and rostral middle and superior frontal, medial orbitofrontal gyri and pars orbitalis. DTI analyses with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) showed that mean diffusivity in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation, as well as axial diffusivity in the corpus callosum, was negatively related to PES. Path analysis demonstrated that WM micro- and macrostructure were complementary in accounting for PES. It is concluded that individual differences in WM characteristics can partly explain why some people are better at adjusting their behavior in response to poor performance than others.

• Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Grydeland, Håkon; Amlien, Inge; Espeseth, Thomas; Reinvang, Ivar; Raz, Naftali; Dale, Anders & Walhovd, Kristine B (2012). Accelerating cortical thinning: Unique to dementia or universal in aging?. Cerebral Cortex.  ISSN 1047-3211. . doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs379
• Groves, Adrian; Smith, Stephen M.; Fjell, Anders Martin; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Walhovd, Kristine B; Douaud, Gwenaëlle; Woolrich, Mark & Westlye, Lars Tjelta (2012). Benefits of multi-modal fusion analysis on a large-scale dataset: Life-span patterns of inter-subject variability in cortical morphometry and white matter microstructure. NeuroImage.  ISSN 1053-8119.  63(1), s 365- 380 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.038 Vis sammendrag

  Neuroimaging studies have become increasingly multimodal in recent years, with researchers typically acquiring several different types of MRI data and processing them along separate pipelines that provide a set of complementary windows into each subject's brain. However, few attempts have been made to integrate the various modalities in the same analysis. Linked ICA is a robust data fusion model that takes multi-modal data and characterizes inter-subject variability in terms of a set of multi-modal components. This paper examines the types of components found when running Linked ICA on a large magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphometric and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data set comprising 484 healthy subjects ranging from 8 to 85 years of age. We find several strong global features related to age, sex, and intracranial volume; in particular, one component predicts age to a high accuracy (r=0.95). Most of the remaining components describe spatially localized modes of variability in white or gray matter, with many components including both tissue types. The multimodal components tend to be located in anatomically-related brain areas, suggesting a morphological and possibly functional relationship. The local components show relationships between surface-based cortical thickness and arealization, voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and between three different DTI measures. Further, we report components related to artifacts (e.g. scanner software upgrades) which would be expected in a dataset of this size. Most of the 100 extracted components showed interpretable spatial patterns and were found to be reliable using split-half validation. This work provides novel information about normal inter-subject variability in brain structure, and demonstrates the potential of Linked ICA as a feature-extracting data fusion approach across modalities. This exploratory approach automatically generates models to explain structure in the data, and may prove especially powerful for large-scale studies, where the population variability can be explored in increased detail.

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• Tamnes, Christian Krog; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe; Fjell, Anders Martin & Walhovd, Kristine B (2015). Regional development of hippocampal subfield volumes and its associations with cognition and memory.
• Zeller, Bernward; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Amlien, Inge Kasbohm; Andersson, Stein; Due-Tønnessen, Paulina; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta & Ruud, Ellen (2014). Response to A.A.M. van der Veldt et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.  ISSN 0732-183X.  32(8), s 852- 853 . doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.52.5725
• Engvig, Andreas; Fjell, Anders Martin; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Skaane, Nina Voss & Walhovd, Kristine B (2013). Structural Brain Imaging Correlates of Memory Training in Middle and Old Age. Journal of Psychophysiology.  ISSN 0269-8803.  27, s 18- 18
• Storsve, Andreas Berg; Walhovd, Kristine B; Sneve, Markus Handal; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Krogsrud, Stine Kleppe & Fjell, Anders Martin (2013). Hukommelse gjennom livet - Nevrovitenskapelige perspektiver.
• Fjell, Anders Martin & Nilsen, Liv (2012). The development of psychoeducational family work in Norway. Early Intervention in Psychiatry.  ISSN 1751-7885.  6, s 95- 95
• Kanellopoulos, Adriani; Andersson, Stein; Zeller, Bernward; Fjell, Anders Martin; Walhovd, Kristine B; Westlye, Lars Tjelta; Tamnes, Christian Krog; Amlien, Inge; Fossa, Sophie D. & Ruud, Ellen (2012). Neurocognitive function is reduced in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy only - but poorer performance is not associated with higher treatment burden. Pediatric Blood & Cancer.  ISSN 1545-5009.  59(6), s 1106- 1106

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