Espen Røysamb

• Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Aggen, Steven H.; Krueger, Robert F; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Neale, Michael C.; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Gillespie, Nathan A.; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2018). A Twin Study of Normative Personality and DSM-IV Personality Disorder Criterion Counts: Evidence for Separate Genetic Influences. American Journal of Psychiatry.  ISSN 0002-953X.  175(7), s 649- 656 . doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17050493
• Dyrdal, Gunvor Marie; Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Vittersø, Joar (2018). When Life Happens: Investigating Short and Long-Term Effects of Life Stressors on Life Satisfaction in a Large Sample of Norwegian Mothers. Journal of Happiness Studies.  ISSN 1389-4978. . doi: 10.1007/s10902-018-0024-x
• Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Gjerde, Line C.; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Røysamb, Espen; Aggen, Steven H.; Gustavson, Kristin; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Ystrøm, Eivind (2018). Development of ADHD symptoms in preschool children: Genetic and environmental contributions. Development and Psychopathology.  ISSN 0954-5794. . doi: 10.1017/S0954579418000731
• Gjerde, Line C.; Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Eley, Thalia C.; McAdams, Tom A.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Røysamb, Espen & Ystrøm, Eivind (2018). Maternal Perinatal and Concurrent Anxiety and Mental Health Problems in Early Childhood: A Sibling‐Comparison Study. Child Development.  ISSN 0009-3920. . doi: 10.1111/cdev.13192
• Helland, Siri Saugestad; Røysamb, Espen; Wang, Mari Vaage & Gustavson, Kristin (2018). Language difficulties and internalizing problems: Bidirectional associations from 18 months to 8 years among boys and girls. Development and Psychopathology.  ISSN 0954-5794.  30(4), s 1239- 1252 . doi: 10.1017/S0954579417001559
• Løchen, Kristin Garaas; Nilsen, Wendy & Røysamb, Espen (2018). Associations Between Paternal and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms, In Kristin Schjelderup Mathiesen; Ann Sanson & Evalill Bølstad Karevold (ed.),  Tracking Opportunities and Problems From Infancy to Adulthood.  Hogrefe & Huber Publishers.  ISBN 9780889375437.  Chapter 15.  s 183 - 196 Show summary

  In contrast to the focus on the effects of maternal depression on their children (reviewed in Chapter 6), the effects of depression among fathers on child and adolescent psychopathology has been mostly overlooked in research until recently and is still poorly understood (Phares, Fields, Kamboukos, & Lopez, 2005). We need more knowledge about the relationship between paternal symptoms and child problems to be able to inform clinical interventions and preventive efforts. This chapter focuses on the impact of paternal depressive symptoms during adolescence, and is based on cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between paternal and adolescent depressive symptoms from middle (ages 14–15) to late (ages 16–17) adolescence, using data from two waves (t6 and t7) from the TOPP study (Løchen, 2015). Previous studies have revealed discrepancies between parent and adolescent reports on adolescent emotional problems (Sourander, Helstela, & Helenius, 1999). To confirm and extend these findings in a population-based Norwegian study, reports on adolescent depressive symptoms from all groups of informants in the TOPP study (mothers, fathers and adolescents) were examined. All multiple regression analyses were run separately for all informants’ reports, as some findings indicate that the strength of the association between paternal depression and child emotional problems may vary depending on which informant’s report is being used (e.g., Ringoot et al., 2015).

• Magnus, Maria Christine; Wright, Rosalind J.; Røysamb, Espen; Parr, Christine Louise; Karlstad, Øystein; Page, Christian; Nafstad, Per; Håberg, Siri Eldevik; London, Stephanie J. & Nystad, Wenche (2018). Association of Maternal Psychosocial Stress with Increased Risk of Asthma Development in Offspring. American Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0002-9262.  187(6), s 1199- 1209 . doi: 10.1093/aje/kwx366 Show summary

  Prenatal maternal psychosocial stress might influence childhood asthma development. Evaluating paternal psychosocial stress and conducting a sibling comparison could provide further insight into the role of unmeasured confounding. We examined the associations of parental psychosocial stress during and after pregnancy with asthma at 7 years in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (n = 63,626). Measures of psychosocial stress included lifetime major depressive symptoms, current anxiety/depression symptoms, use of antidepressants, anxiolytics and/or hypnotics, life satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, work stress and social support. Childhood asthma was associated with maternal lifetime major depressive symptoms, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.30), in addition to symptoms of anxiety/depression during pregnancy, aRR = 1.17 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.29), and 6 months after delivery, aRR = 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.28). Maternal negative life events during pregnancy, aRR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.13), and 6 months after delivery, aRR = 1.14 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.18), were also associated with asthma. These associations were not replicated when evaluated within sibling groups. There were no associations with paternal psychosocial stress. In conclusion, maternal anxiety/depression and negative life events was associated with offspring asthma, but this might be explained by unmeasured maternal background characteristics that remain stable across deliveries.

• Morken, Ida Sund; Røysamb, Espen; Nilsen, Wendy & Karevold, Evalill Bølstad (2018). Body Dissatisfaction and Depressive Symptoms on the Threshold to Adolescence: Examining Gender Differences in Depressive Symptoms and the Impact of Social Support. Journal of Early Adolescence.  ISSN 0272-4316. . doi: 10.1177/0272431618791280
• Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi & Vassend, Olav (2018). Genetics, personality and wellbeing. A twin study of traits, facets and life satisfaction. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29881-x Full text in Research Archive.
• Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert & Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi (2018). Fatigue symptoms in relation to neuroticism, anxiety-depression, and musculoskeletal pain. A longitudinal twin study. PLoS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13(6) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198594 Full text in Research Archive.
• Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Gjerde, Line C.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Kendler, Kenneth S & Ystrøm, Eivind (2017). Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy and offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a prospective sibling control study. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  46(5), s 1633- 1640 . doi: 10.1093/ije/dyx067 Full text in Research Archive.
• Gjerde, Line C.; Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; McAdams, Tom A.; Zachrisson, Henrik Daae; Zambrana, Imac Maria; Røysamb, Espen; Kendler, Kenneth S. & Ystrøm, Eivind (2017). Maternal perinatal and concurrent depressive symptoms and child behavior problems: a sibling comparison study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines.  ISSN 0021-9630.  58(7), s 779- 786 . doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12704 Full text in Research Archive.
• Helland, Maren Sand; Kjeldsen, Anne; von Soest, Tilmann; Røysamb, Espen; Gustavson, Kristin & Nilsen, Wendy (2017). Parental Child-Rearing Conflicts Through Adolescence: Trajectories and Associations With Child Characteristics and Externalizing Patterns. Journal of Research on Adolescence.  ISSN 1050-8392.  27(2), s 379- 391 . doi: 10.1111/jora.12302 Full text in Research Archive.
• Hermansen, Tone Kristine; Yrttiaho, Santeri; Røysamb, Espen & Melinder, Annika Maria D (2017). Perceptual interference processing in preschool children, with and without prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Psychopharmacology.  ISSN 0033-3158.  234(3), s 339- 351 . doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4467-7
• Løvoll, Helga Synnevåg; Røysamb, Espen & Vittersø, Joar (2017). Experiences matter: Positive emotions facilitate intrinsic motivation. Cogent Psychology.  ISSN 2331-1908.  4 . doi: 10.1080/23311908.2017.1340083 Full text in Research Archive.
• Nilsen, Wendy; Kjeldsen, Anne; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Skipstein, Anni; Helland, Maren Sand; Gustavson, Kristin; Enstad, Frøydis; Bårdstu, Silje; Røysamb, Espen; von Soest, Tilmann & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2017). Cohort profile: The Tracking Opportunities and Problems Study (TOPP) – A study of Norwegian children and their parents followed from infancy to adulthood. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  46(5), s 1399- 1399g . doi: 10.1093/ije/dyx057 Full text in Research Archive.
• Seglem, Karoline Brobakke; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Gjerde, Line C.; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Knudsen, Gun Peggy & Tambs, Kristian (2017). Pre-pregnancy mental distress and musculoskeletal pain and sickness absence during pregnancy-a twin cohort study. European Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1101-1262.  27(3), s 477- 481 . doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw267
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Rosenström, Tom Henrik; Ystrøm, Eivind; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Gillespie, Nathan; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Kendler, Kenneth S. & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2017). Stability and change in etiological factors for alcohol use disorder and major depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology.  ISSN 0021-843X.  126(6), s 812- 822 . doi: 10.1037/abn0000280 Full text in Research Archive.
• Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert & Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi (2017). Musculoskeletal Complaints, Anxiety–Depression Symptoms, and Neuroticism: A Study of Middle-Aged Twins. Health Psychology.  ISSN 0278-6133.  36(8), s 729- 739 . doi: 10.1037/hea0000484
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Dyb, Grete; Røysamb, Espen & Olff, Miranda (2016). Broken and guilty since it happened: A population study of trauma-related shame and guilt after violence and sexual abuse. Journal of Affective Disorders.  ISSN 0165-0327.  204, s 16- 23 . doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.004
• Gustavson, Kristin; Røysamb, Espen; Borren, Ingrid; Torvik, Fartein Ask & Karevold, Evalill Bølstad (2016). Life Satisfaction in Close Relationships: Findings from a Longitudinal Study. Journal of Happiness Studies.  ISSN 1389-4978.  17(3), s 1293- 1311 . doi: 10.1007/s10902-015-9643-7
• Hermansen, Tone Kristine; Røysamb, Espen; Augusti, Else-Marie & Melinder, Annika Maria D (2016). Behavior and inhibitory control in children with prenatal exposure to antidepressants and medically untreated depression. Psychopharmacology.  ISSN 0033-3158.  233(8), s 1523- 1535 . doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4248-3
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Røysamb, Espen (2016). Happiness in Behaviour Genetics: An Update on Heritability and Changeability. Journal of Happiness Studies.  ISSN 1389-4978. . doi: 10.1007/s10902-016-9781-6
• Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2016). The beauty, logic and limitations of twin studies. Norsk Epidemiologi.  ISSN 0803-2491.  26(1-2), s 35- 46 . doi: 10.5324/nje.v26i1-2.2014 Full text in Research Archive.
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Gjerde, Line C.; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Ystrøm, Eivind; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen; Østby, Kristian Amundsen & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2016). Mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders and later cause-specific sick leave in young adult employees. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  16 . doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3427-9 Full text in Research Archive.
• Vassend, Olav; Orvik, Benedicte Humborstad; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi & Røysamb, Espen (2016). Facets of neuroticism and musculoskeletal symptoms. A study of middle-aged twins. Norsk Epidemiologi.  ISSN 0803-2491.  26(1-2), s 47- 56 . doi: 10.5324/nje.v26i1-2.2015
• Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Tambs, Kristian; Gjerde, Line C.; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert; Røysamb, Espen & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2016). Musculoskeletal pain and work absence – a 10 year follow-up study of Norwegian young adult twins. Norsk Epidemiologi.  ISSN 0803-2491.  26(1-2), s 69- 75 . doi: 10.5324/nje.v26i1-2.2018
• Gjerde, Line C.; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ystrøm, Eivind; Tambs, Kristian; Aggen, Steven H.; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Knudsen, Gun Peggy (2015). A longitudinal, population-based twin study of avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits from early to middle adulthood. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  45(16), s 3539- 3548 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291715001440
• Idstad, Mariann; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Borren, Ingrid; Rognmo, Kamilla; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2015). Mental distress predicts divorce over 16 years: The HUNT study Health behavior, health promotion and society. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  15 . doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1662-0 Full text in Research Archive.
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Ystrøm, Eivind; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Aggen, Steven H.; Tambs, Kristian; Torgersen, Svenn; Neale, Michael C.; Røysamb, Espen; Krueger, Robert F.; Knudsen, Gun Peggy & Kendler, Kenneth S. (2015). A longitudinal twin study of borderline and antisocial personality disorder traits in early to middle adulthood. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  45(14), s 3121- 3131 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291715001117
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Gustavson, Kristin; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2015). Health, health behaviors, and health dissimilarities predict divorce: Results from the HUNT study. BMC Psychology.  ISSN 2050-7283.  3:13, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1186/S40359-015-0072-5 Full text in Research Archive.
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Ystrøm, Eivind; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Kendler, Kenneth S & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2015). Socioeconomic status and sick leave granted for mental and somatic disorders: a prospective study of young adult twins. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  15:134 . doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1457-3 Full text in Research Archive.
• Træen, Bente; Westerberg, Ane Cecilie; Ono Njøten, Mette & Røysamb, Espen (2015). Predictors of Self-Efficacy in Norwegian Competition Riders. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science.  ISSN 0737-0806.  35(10), s 807- 814 . doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.07.021
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Røysamb, Espen & Dyb, Grete (2014). Shame and guilt in the aftermath of terror: the Utøya Island study. Journal of Traumatic Stress.  ISSN 0894-9867.  27(5), s 618- 621 . doi: 10.1002/jts.21957
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Corliss, Heather L; Røysamb, Espen; Zachrisson, Henrik Daae; Oppedal, Brit & Gustavson, Kristin (2014). Immigrant Preadolescents and Risk of Emotional Distress. Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology.  ISSN 2245-8875.  2(1), s 41- 51 Full text in Research Archive.
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Gustavson, Kristin; Røysamb, Espen; Oppedal, Brit & Zachrisson, Henrik Daae (2014). Preadolescents with immigrant backgrounds: the relationship between emotional problems, parental achievement values, and comparison. Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology.  ISSN 2245-8875.  2(3), s 124- 134 Full text in Research Archive.
• Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Østby, Kristian Amundsen; Tambs, Kristian; Kendler, Kenneth S; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2014). Personality disorders and long-term sick leave: A population-based study of young adult norwegian twins. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  17(1), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1017/thg.2013.90
• Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Nilsen, Wendy; Ørstavik, Ragnhild & Røysamb, Espen (2014). Relationship quality, divorce, and well-being: Findings from a three-year longitudinal study. Journal of Positive Psychology.  ISSN 1743-9760.  9(2), s 163- 174 . doi: 10.1080/17439760.2013.858274
• Helland, Maren Sand; von Soest, Tilmann; Gustavson, Kristin; Røysamb, Espen & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2014). Long shadows: a prospective study of predictors of relationship dissolution over 17 child-rearing years. BMC Psychology.  ISSN 2050-7283.  2 . doi: 10.1186/s40359-014-0040-5 Full text in Research Archive.
• Holte, Arne; Barry, Margaret M.; Bekkhus, Mona; Borge, Anne Inger Helmen; Bowes, Lucy; Casas, Ferran; Friborg, Oddgeir; Grinde, Bjørn; Headey, Bruce; Jozefiak, Thomas; Lekhal, Rabit; Marks, Nic; Muffels, Ruud; Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Thimm, Jens; Torgersen, Svenn; Trommsdorff, Gisela; Veenhoven, Ruut; Vittersø, Joar; Waaktaar, Trine; Wagner, Gert G.; Wang, Catharina E.; Wold, Bente & Zachrisson, Henrik Daae (2014). Psychology of Child Well-Being, In Asher Ben-Arieh; Ferran Casas; Ivar Frønes & Jill E. Korbin (ed.),  Handbook of child well-being : theories, methods and policies in global perspective.  Springer.  ISBN 978-90-481-9062-1.  20.  s 555 - 631
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Hauge, Lars Johan; Kornstad, Tom; Landolt, Markus A.; Irgens, Lorentz M.; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Kristensen, Petter & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2014). Adaptation to the birth of a child with a congenital anomaly: A prospective longitudinal study of maternal well-being and psychological distress. Developmental Psychology.  ISSN 0012-1649.  50(6), s 1827- 1839 . doi: 10.1037/a0035996
• Røsand, Gun-Mette Brandsnes; Slinning, Kari; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2014). Relationship dissatisfaction and other risk factors for future relationship dissolution: a population-based study of 18,523 couples. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.  ISSN 0933-7954.  49(1), s 109- 119 . doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0681-3 Show summary

  Purpose There has been a marked increase in divorce rates in most Western societies over the last 50 years. Relationship dissolution is associated with negative consequences both for adults and children, so it is important to understand the factors that help retain marital stability. The first aim of this prospective study was to identify risk factors for relationship dissolution in 18,523 couples in Norway, with a particular focus on individual dissatisfaction with the relationship. The second aim was to assess interaction effects between relationship dissatisfaction and other predictors of relationship dissolution. Methods Pregnant women and their partners enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study completed questionnaires during the pregnancy that asked about relationship dissatisfaction, strain, demographics, and other risk factors. The main outcome variable was relationship dissolution in the 39-month period from gestational week 30–36 months postpartum. Associations between the risk factors and relationship dissolution were estimated by logistic regression analysis. Results Except for younger female age, relationship dissatisfaction in women and lower education in men, were the strongest predictors of relationship dissolution. Another strong factor was women’s persistent strain. No significant interaction effects were found between relationship dissatisfaction and the other variables in the analyses. Conclusions Dissatisfaction with the relationship, in particular in women, and low male education are important predictors of relationship dissolution, although other factors are also related to dissolution. There are only few studies on relationship predictors of dissolution conducted in Europe, and the current study adds to this body of knowledge

• Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Vittersø, Joar (2014). Well-being: heritable and changeable, In Kennon M Sheldon & Richard E Lucas (ed.),  Stability of happiness : theories and evidence on whether happiness can change.  Academic Press.  ISBN 9780124114784.  2.  s 9 - 36
• Røysamb, Espen; Vittersø, Joar & Tambs, Kristian (2014). The relationship satisfaction scale – Psychometric properties. Norsk Epidemiologi.  ISSN 0803-2491.  24(1-2), s 187- 194 Full text in Research Archive.
• Seglem, Karoline Brobakke; Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2014). Daily hassles and coping dispositions as predictors of psychological adjustment: A comparative study of young unaccompanied refugees and youth in the resettlement country. International Journal of Behavioral Development.  ISSN 0165-0254.  38(3), s 293- 303 . doi: 10.1177/0165025414520807
• Tambs, Kristian & Røysamb, Espen (2014). Selection of questions to short-form versions of original psychometric instruments in MoBa. Norsk Epidemiologi.  ISSN 0803-2491.  24(1-2), s 195- 201 Full text in Research Archive.
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2014). Genetic and environmental contributions to the relationship between internalizing disorders and sick leave granted for mental and somatic disorders. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  17(4), s 225- 235 . doi: 10.1017/thg.2014.27
• Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Tambs, Kristian & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2014). Sex differences in genetic and environmental influences on educational attainment and income. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  17(6), s 516- 525 . doi: 10.1017/thg.2014.68
• Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Gillespie, Nathan; Aggen, Steven H; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Tambs, Kristian; Kendler, Kenneth S & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2013). Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Long-Term Sick Leave and Disability Pension: A Population-Based Study of Young Adult Norwegian Twins. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  16(4), s 759- 766 . doi: 10.1017/thg.2013.36
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Tambs, Kristian & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2013). Major depression and life satisfaction: A population-based twin study. Journal of Affective Disorders.  ISSN 0165-0327.  144(1-2), s 51- 58 . doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.060
• Nilsen, Thomas Sevenius; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Gervin, Kristina; Brandt, Ingunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Lyle, Robert; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Magnus, Per & Harris, Jennifer (2013). The Norwegian twin registry from a public health perspective: a research update. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  16(1), s 285- 295 . doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.117
• Nilsen, Wendy; Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Kjeldsen, Anne; Røysamb, Espen & Karevold, Evalill Bølstad (2013). Pathways from maternal distress and child problem behavior to adolescent depressive symptoms – A prospective examination from 18 months to 17 years of age. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.  ISSN 0196-206X.  34(5), s 303- 313 . doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e318293ab05
• Nilsen, Wendy; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen; Gustavson, Kristin Brun & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2013). Social skills and depressive symptoms across adolescence: Social support as a mediator in girls versus boys. Journal of Adolescence.  ISSN 0140-1971.  36(1), s 11- 20 . doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.08.005
• Rognmo, Kamilla; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2013). Alcohol use and spousal mental distress in a population sample: the nord-trondelag health study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  13 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-319 Full text in Research Archive.
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Røysamb, Espen; Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Idstad, Mariann & Tambs, Kristian (2013). Discordant and concordant alcohol use in spouses as predictors of marital dissolution in the general population: results from the HUNT Study. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research.  ISSN 0145-6008.  37(5), s 877- 884 . doi: 10.1111/acer.12029
• Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen & Nielsen, Christopher Sivert (2013). Five-factor personality traits and pain sensitivity: A twin study. Pain.  ISSN 0304-3959.  154(5), s 722- 728 . doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.01.010
• Ask, Helga; Rognmo, Kamilla; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2012). Non-random mating and convergence over time for alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise: The Nord-Trondelag Health Study. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  42(3), s 354- 365 . doi: 10.1007/s10519-011-9509-7
• Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Østby, Kristian Roald Amundsen; Torgersen, Svenn; Myers, J; Kendler, KS & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2012). The heritability of avoidant and dependent personality disorder assessed by personal interview and questionnaire. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-690X.  126(6), s 448- 457 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01862.x Show summary

  Objective:  Personality disorders (PDs) have been shown to be modestly heritable. Accurate heritability estimates are, however, dependent on reliable measurement methods, as measurement error deflates heritability. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of DSM-IV avoidant and dependent personality disorder, by including two measures of the PDs at two time points. Method:  Data were obtained from a population-based cohort of young adult Norwegian twins, of whom 8045 had completed a self-report questionnaire assessing PD traits. 2794 of these twins subsequently underwent a structured diagnostic interview for DSM-IV PDs. Questionnaire items predicting interview results were selected by multiple regression, and measurement models of the PDs were fitted in Mx. Results:  The heritabilities of the PD factors were 0.64 for avoidant PD and 0.66 for dependent PD. No evidence of common environment, that is, environmental factors that are shared between twins and make them similar, was found. Genetic and environmental contributions to avoidant and dependent PD seemed to be the same across sexes. Conclusion:  The combination of both a questionnaire- and an interview assessment of avoidant and dependent PD results in substantially higher heritabilities than previously found using single-occasion interviews only.

• Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Røysamb, Espen; Soest, Tilmann M von; Helland, Maren Johanssson; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2012). Reciprocal longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and romantic partners' synchronized view of relationship quality. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.  ISSN 0265-4075.  29(6), s 776- 794 . doi: 10.1177/0265407512448264
• Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Røysamb, Espen; Soest, Tilmann M von; Helland, Maren Johanssson & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2012). Longitudinal associations between relationship problems, divorce, and life satisfaction: Findings from a 15-year population-based study. Journal of Positive Psychology.  ISSN 1743-9760.  7(3), s 188- 197 . doi: 10.1080/17439760.2012.671346
• Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Soest, Tilmann M von; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad & Røysamb, Espen (2012). Attrition and generalizability in longitudinal studies: findings from a 15-year population-based study and a Monte Carlo simulation study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  12 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-918
• Myklestad, Ingri; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2012). Risk and protective factors for psychological distress among adolescents: a family study in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.  ISSN 0933-7954.  47(5), s 771- 782 . doi: 10.1007/s00127-011-0380-x
• Rognmo, Kamilla; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Ask, Helga; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2012). Paternal and maternal alcohol abuse and offspring mental distress in the general population: the Nord-Trøndelag health study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  12(1) . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-448 Full text in Research Archive.
• Røsand, Gun-Mette Brandsnes; Slinning, Kari; Eberhard-Gran, Malin M C; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2012). The buffering effect of relationship satisfaction on emotional distress in couples. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  12 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-66 Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Background: Marital distress and depression frequently co-occur, and partnership quality is associated with depressive symptoms and mental disorders in both men and women. One aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of a set of risk factors for emotional distress among men and women in couples, with a special focus on satisfaction with partner relationship. The most important aim was to investigate the extent to which high relationship satisfaction in couples acts as a buffer against stressful events. Methods: Pregnant women and their husbands (n = 62,956 couples) enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study completed a questionnaire with questions about emotional distress, relationship satisfaction, and other risk factors. Twelve potential risk factors were included in the analyses, including relationship satisfaction, demographic characteristics, and somatic diseases in men and women. Associations between the predictor variables and emotional distress were estimated by multiple linear regression analysis. Cross-spousal effects, in which data reported by one of the spouses predicted emotional distress in the other, were also investigated. Possible interaction effects between certain risk factors and self-reported and partner's relationship satisfaction were tested and further explored with regression analyses in subsamples stratified by relationship satisfaction scores. Results: The unique effects of relationship satisfaction were of similar sizes for both men and women: substantial for self-reported (β = -0.23 and β = -0.28, respectively) and weak for partner-reported satisfaction (β = -0.04 and β = -0.02, respectively). Other relatively strong risk factors were somatic disease, first-time motherhood, and unemployment. Self-reported as well as partner-reported relationship satisfaction appeared to strongly buffer the effects of a number of stressors. Conclusions: Partner relationship dissatisfaction is strongly associated with emotional distress in men and women. Good partner relationship, both as perceived by the individual him(her)self and by the spouse, quite strongly moderates adverse effects of various types of emotional strain.

• Tambs, Kristian; Kendler, KS; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Aggen, SH; Harris, Jennifer; Neale, C; Hettema, JM; Sundet, Jon Martin; Battaglia, M & Røysamb, Espen (2012). Genetic and environmental contributions to the relationship between education and anxiety disorders - a twin study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-690X.  125(3), s 203- 212 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01799.x
• Torgersen, Svenn; Myers, John; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Røysamb, Espen; Kubarych, Thomas S. & Kendler, Kenneth S. (2012). The heritability of cluster B personality disorders assessed both by personal interview and questionnaire. Journal of Personality Disorders.  ISSN 0885-579X.  26(6), s 848- 866 . doi: 10.1521/pedi_2012_26_060 Show summary

  Whereas the heritability of common personality traits has been firmly established, the results of the few published studies on personality disorders (PDs) are highly divergent, with some studies finding high heredity and others very low. A problem with assessing personality disorders by means of interview is errors connected with interviewer bias. A way to overcome the problem is to use self-report questionnaires in addition to interviews. This study used both interview and questionnaire for assessing DSM-IV Cluster B personality disorders: antisocial personality disorder (APD), borderline (BPD), narcissistic (NPD), and histrionic (HPD). We assessed close to 2,800 twins from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel using a self-report questionnaire and, a few years later, the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV). Items from the self-report questionnaire that best predicted the PDs captured by the interview were then selected. Measurement models combining questionnaire and interview information were applied and were fitted using Mx. Whereas the heritability of Cluster B PDs assessed by interview was around .30, and around .40–.50 when assessed by self-report questionnaire, the heritability of the convergent latent factor, including information from both interview and self-report questionnaire was .69 for APD, .67 for BPD, .71 for NPD, and .63 for HPD. As is usually found for personality, the effect of shared-in families (familial) environment was zero. In conclusion, when both interview and self-report questionnaire are taken into account, the heritability of Cluster B PD appears to be in the upper range of previous findings for mental disorders.

• Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen & Nielsen, Christopher Sivert (2012). Neuroticism and self-reported somatic health: A twin study. Psychology and Health.  ISSN 0887-0446.  27(1), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1080/08870446.2010.540665
• Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Tambs, Kristian & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2012). Genetic and environmental contributions to the co-occurence of depressive personality disorder and DSM-IV personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders.  ISSN 0885-579X.  26(3), s 435- 451 . doi: 10.1521/pedi.2012.26.3.435
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Røysamb, Espen; Oppedal, Brit & Zachrisson, Henrik Daae (2011). Emotional problems in preadolescents in Norway: The role of gender, ethnic minority status, and home- and school-related hassles. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health.  ISSN 1753-2000.  5 . doi: 10.1186/1753-2000-5-37
• Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2011). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for phobias in women. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  41(9), s 1987- 1995 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291710002436
• Dalhaug, Caroline; Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2011). The role of sociocultural context for culture competence and depressive symptoms among ethnic minority youths in junior high school. European Journal of Developmental Psychology.  ISSN 1740-5629.  8(3), s 280- 294 . doi: 10.1080/17405621003710843
• Dyrdal, Gunvor Marie; Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Vittersø, Joar (2011). Can a happy relationship predict a happy life? A population-based study of maternal well-being during the life transition of pregnancy, infancy, and toddlerhood. Journal of Happiness Studies.  ISSN 1389-4978.  12(6), s 947- 962 . doi: 10.1007/s10902-010-9238-2
• Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S & Tambs, Kristian (2011). Strong Genetic Correlation Between Interview-Assessed Internalizing Disorders and a Brief Self-Report Symptom Scale. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  14(1), s 64- 72 . doi: 10.1375/twin.14.1.64
• Idstad, Mariann; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2011). The effect of change in mental disorder status on change in spousal mental health: The HUNT study. Social Science and Medicine.  ISSN 0277-9536.  73(9), s 1408- 1415 . doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.07.032
• Kendler, Kenneth S; Aggen, Steven H; Knudsen, Gun Peggy Strømstad; Røysamb, Espen; Neale, Michael C & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2011). The Structure of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Syndromal and Subsyndromal Common DSM-IV Axis I and All Axis II Disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry.  ISSN 0002-953X.  168(1), s 29- 39 . doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10030340
• Richter, Jörg; Sagatun, Åse; Heyerdahl, Sonja; Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2011). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) - Self-Report. An analysis of its structure in a multiethnic urban adolescent sample. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines.  ISSN 0021-9630.  52(9), s 1002- 1011 . doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02372.x Show summary

  Background:  The SDQ is currently one of the internationally most frequently used screening instruments for child and adolescent mental health purposes. However, its structure, cross-cultural equivalence, and its applicability in ethnic minority groups is still a matter of discussion. Methods:  SDQ self-report data of 5,379 ethnic Norwegian and 865 ethnic minority adolescents with a variety of national origins was analysed by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multi-group comparisons considering equal thresholds combined with more in-depth analyses on factor loadings, residuals, composite reliability, and average amount of variance explained by indicators of respective constructs were performed. Results:  CFA suggested a good fit of the five-factor model of the SDQ self-report in the subsample of ethnic Norwegian adolescents and an acceptable fit in ethnic minority subsamples without substantial differences between ethnic Norwegian SDQ data and data of Pakistani or those of ‘other ethnic minority’ adolescents. When assuming equal thresholds between response categories of the items as well as equal factor loadings the structure in the data significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. Some factor loadings and some correlations between constructs significantly differed between ethnic Norwegian and both ethnic minority samples. The correlation coefficients between the hyperactivity factor and the conduct problems factor were too high in all three subsamples in order to establish distinct constructs. Composite reliability and average explained variance of the emotional symptoms factor were good in all samples, whereas they were low for some of the other factors. Conclusions:  To some extent the theoretically proposed five-factor structure of the Norwegian version of the SDQ self-report was supported in 15- to 16-year-old adolescents. However, the results of more detailed analyses raise questions about the interpretation of some subscales. When applying this screening method to Norwegian adolescents, our results suggest that the use of the total difficulty score of the SDQ in screening youth should be preferred over the subscale scores.

• Røsand, Gun-Mette Brandsnes; Slinning, Kari; Eberhard-Gran, Malin M C; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2011). Partner relationship satisfaction and maternal emotional distress in early pregnancy. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  11 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-161 Show summary

  Background: Recognition of maternal emotional distress during pregnancy and the identification of risk factors for this distress are of considerable clinical- and public health importance. The mental health of the mother is important both for herself, and for the physical and psychological health of her children and the welfare of the family. The first aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for maternal emotional distress during pregnancy with special focus on partner relationship satisfaction. The second aim was to assess interaction effects between relationship satisfaction and the main predictors. Methods: Pregnant women enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (n = 51,558) completed a questionnaire with questions about maternal emotional distress, relationship satisfaction, and other risk factors. Associations between 37 predictor variables and emotional distress were estimated by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Relationship dissatisfaction was the strongest predictor of maternal emotional distress (β = 0.25). Other predictors were dissatisfaction at work (β = 0.11), somatic disease (β = 0.11), work related stress (β = 0.10) and maternal alcohol problems in the preceding year (β = 0.09). Relationship satisfaction appeared to buffer the effects of frequent moving, somatic disease, maternal smoking, family income, irregular working hours, dissatisfaction at work, work stress, and mother's sick leave (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Dissatisfaction with the partner relationship is a significant predictor of maternal emotional distress in pregnancy. A good partner relationship can have a protective effect against some stressors.

• Røysamb, Espen; Kendler, Kenneth S; Tambs, Kristian; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Aggen, Steven H; Neale, Michael C; Torgersen, Svenn & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2011). The joint structure of DSM-IV Axis I and Axis II disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology.  ISSN 0021-843X.  120(1), s 198- 209 . doi: 10.1037/a0021660
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Rognmo, Kamilla; Ask, Helga; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2011). Parental alcohol use and adolescent school adjustment in the general population: Results from the HUNT study. BMC Public Health.  ISSN 1471-2458.  11 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-706
• Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen & Nielsen, Christopher Sivert (2011). Dental anxiety in relation to neuroticism and pain sensitivity. A twin study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders.  ISSN 0887-6185.  25(2), s 302- 308 . doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.09.015
• Zachrisson, Henrik Daae; Røysamb, Espen; Oppedal, Brit & Hauser, Stuart T. (2011). Factor structure of the child attachment interview. European Journal of Developmental Psychology.  ISSN 1740-5629.  8(6), s 744- 759 . doi: 10.1080/17405629.2011.631293
• Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Tambs, Kristian (2010). A population based family study of symptoms of anxiety and depression The HUNT study. Journal of Affective Disorders.  ISSN 0165-0327.  125(1-3), s 355- 360 . doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.01.006
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Harris, Jennifer; Czajkowski, Nikolai & Tambs, Kristian (2010). Mates and Marriage Matter: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Subjective Wellbeing Across Marital Status. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  13(4), s 312- 321
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise; Neale, Michael C; Torgersen, Svenn & Kendler, Kenneth S (2010). Major depression and dimensional representations of DSM-IV personality disorders: a population-based twin study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  40(9), s 1475- 1484 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291709991954
• Vittersø, Joar; Søholt, Yngvil; Hetland, Audun; Thoresen, Irina Aleksejeva & Røysamb, Espen (2010). Was Hercules happy? Some answers from a functional model of human well-being. Social Indicators Research.  ISSN 0303-8300.  95(1), s 1- 18 . doi: 10.1007/s11205-009-9447-4
• Aggen, SH; Neale, MC; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Kendler, KS (2009). A psychometric evaluation of the DSM-IV borderline personality disorder criteria: age and sex moderation of criterion functioning. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  39(12), s 1967- 1978 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291709005807
• Edvardsen, Jack; Torgersen, Svenn; Røysamb, Espen; Lygren, Sissel; Skre, Ingunn; Onstad, Sidsel; Onstad, Sidsel; Øien, Per Anders; Øien, Per-Anders & Øien, Per Anders (2009). Unipolar depressive disorders have a common genotype. Journal of Affective Disorders.  ISSN 0165-0327.  117(1-2), s 30- 41 . doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.12.004
• Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen; Ystrøm, Eivind & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2009). Predictors and pathways from infancy to symptoms of anxiety and depression in early adolescence. Developmental Psychology.  ISSN 0012-1649.  45(4), s 1051- 1060 . doi: 10.1037/a0016123
• Tambs, Kristian; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Neale, Michael C; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Aggen, Steven H; Harris, Jennifer; Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise & Kendler, Kenneth S (2009). Structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for dimensional representations of DSM-IV anxiety disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry.  ISSN 0007-1250.  195(4), s 301- 307 . doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.059485
• Valle, Ann-Karin; Røysamb, Espen & Sundby, Johanne (2009). Parental social position, body image, and other psychosocial determinants and first sexual intercourse among 15- and 16-year olds. Adolescence.  ISSN 0001-8449.  44(174), s 479- 498
• Valle, Ann-Karin; Røysamb, Espen; Sundby, Johanne & Klepp, Knut Inge (2009). Parental social position, body image, and other psychological determinants and first sexual intercourse among 15-and 16-year olds. Adolescence.  ISSN 0001-8449.  44(174), s 479- 498 . doi: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?index=0&did=1862972661&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1263220471&clientId=28039
• Czajkowski, Nikolai; Kendler, Kenneth S; Jacobson, Kristen C; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2008). Passive-aggressive (negativistic) personality disorder: A population-based twin study. Journal of Personality Disorders.  ISSN 0885-579X.  22(1), s 109- 122
• Edvardsen, Jack; Torgersen, Svenn; Røysamb, Espen; Lygren, Sissel; Skre, Ingunn; Onstad, Sidsel & Øien, Per Anders (2008). Heritability of bipolar spectrum disorders. Unity or heterogeneity?. Journal of Affective Disorders.  ISSN 0165-0327.  106(3), s 229- 240 . doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.07.001
• Kendler, Kenneth S; Aggen, Steven H; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Torgersen, Svenn; Neale, Michael C & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2008). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for DSM-IV personality disorders: a multivariate twin study. Archives of General Psychiatry.  ISSN 0003-990X.  65(12), s 1438- 1446
• Nes, Ragnhild B; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Harris, Jennifer R. & Tambs, Kristian (2008). Well-being and ill-being: shared environments, shared genes?. Journal of Positive Psychology.  ISSN 1743-9760.  3, s 253- 265
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Tambs, Kristian (2008). Well-being and ill-being: shared environments, shared genes?. Journal of Positive Psychology.  ISSN 1743-9760.  3(4), s 253- 265 . doi: 10.1080/17439760802399323
• Søgaard, Anne-Johanne; Dalgard, OS; Holme, Ingar; Røysamb, Espen & Håheim, Lise Lund (2008). Associations between type A behaviour pattern and psychological distress. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.  ISSN 0933-7954.  43, s 216- 223
• Torgersen, S; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Jacobson, K; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Røysamb, Espen; Neale, MC & Kendler, KS (2008). Dimensional representations of DSM-IV cluster B personality disorders in a population-based sample of Norwegian twins: a multivariate study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  38(11), s 1617- 1625 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291708002924
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Harris, Jennifer & Tambs, Kristian (2007). Symptoms of anxiety and depression in young adults: genetic and environmental influences on stability and change. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  10(3), s 450- 461 . doi: 10.1375/twin.10.3.450
• Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2007). Young Muslim immigrants in Norway: An epidemiological study of their psychosocial adaptation and internalizing problems. Applied Developmental Science.  ISSN 1088-8691.  11(3), s 112- 125 . doi: 10.1080/10888690701454583
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Neale, Michael C.; Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise; Torgersen, Svenn; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen; Harris, Jennifer & Kendler, Kenneth S. (2007). Genetic and environmental influences on dimensional representations of DSM-IV cluster C personality disorders: a population-based multivariate twin study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  37(5), s 645- 653 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291706009548
• Størksen, Ingunn; Røysamb, Espen; Gjessing, Håkon K; Moum, Torbjørn & Tambs, Kristian (2007). Marriages and psychological distress among adult offspring of divorce: A Norwegian study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.  ISSN 0036-5564.  48(6), s 467- 476 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00601.x
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer & Magnus, Per (2006). Recurrent otitis media and tonsillitis: common disease predisposition. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.  ISSN 0165-5876.  70(9), s 1561- 1568 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2006.04.004
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer & Magnus, Per (2006). The reliability of self-reported childhood otitis media by adults. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.  ISSN 0165-5876.  70(4), s 597- 602 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.08.005
• Neale, Micheal C; Røysamb, Espen & Jacobson, Kristen (2006). Multivariate genetic analysis of sex limitation and G x E interaction. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  9(4), s 481- 489
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2006). Subjective well-being: genetic and environmental contributions to stability and change. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  36(7), s 1033- 1042 . doi: 10.1017/S0033291706007409
• Røysamb, Espen (2006). Personality and well-being, In Margarete E. Vollrath (ed.),  Handbook of Personality and Health.  John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 978-0-470-02135-4.  5.  s 115 - 134
• Røysamb, Espen (2006). Personality and well-being, In Margarete E. Vollrath (ed.),  Handbook of personality and health.  John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 978-0-470-02134-7.  Kap.  s 115 - 134
• Størksen, Ingunn; Røysamb, Espen; Holmen, Turid Lingaas & Tambs, Kristian (2006). Adolescent adjustment and well-being: Effects of parental divorce and distress. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.  ISSN 0036-5564.  47(1), s 75- 84 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2006.00494.x
• Thoresen, Siri; Mehlum, Lars; Røysamb, Espen & Tønnessen, Arnfinn (2006). Risk factors for completed suicide in veterans of peacekeeping: Repatriation, negative life events and marital status. Archives of Suicide Research.  ISSN 1381-1118.  10(4), s 353- 363 . doi: 10.1080/13811110600791106
• Thorsen, Siri; Mehlum, Lars; Røysamb, Espen & Tønnessen, Arnfinn (2006). Risk factors for completed suicide in veterans of peacekeeping: Repatriation, negative life events, and maritial status. Archives of Suicide Research.  ISSN 1381-1118.  10(4), s 353- 363 . doi: 10.1080/13811110600791106
• Nes, Ragnhild B; Røysamb, Espen; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Tambs, Kristian & Harris, Jennifer R (2005). Subjective wellbeing and sleep problems: a bivariate twin study. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  8, s 440- 449
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Harris, Jennifer R. & Tambs, Kristian (2005). Environmental and genetic contributions to the correlation between subjective well-being and sleep. A bivariate twin-study. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  8, s 440- 449
• Nystad, Wenche; Røysamb, Espen; Magnus, Per; Tambs, Kristian & Harris, Jennifer R. (2005). A comparison of genetic and environmental influences on asthma, hay fever and eczema versus symptoms of the same diseases. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  34, s 1302- 1309
• Kraft, Pål; Rise, Jostein; Sutton, Stephen & Røysamb, Espen (2005). Perceived difficulty in the theory of planned behaviour: perceived behavioural control or affective attitude?. British Journal of Social Psychology.  ISSN 0144-6665.  44(3), s 479- 496 . doi: 10.1348/014466604X17533 Show summary

  A study was conducted to explore (a) the dimensional structure of perceived behavioural control (PBC), (b) the conceptual basis of perceived difficulty items, and (c) how PBC components and instrumental and affective attitudes, respectively, relate to intention and behaviour. The material stemmed from a two-wave study of Norwegian graduate students (N = 227 for the prediction of intention and N = 110 for the prediction of behaviour). Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multiple regression by the application of structural equation modelling (SEM). CFA suggested that PBC could be conceived of as consisting of three separate but interrelated factors (perceived control, perceived confidence and perceived difficulty), or as two separate but interrelated factors representing self-efficacy (measured by perceived difficulty and perceived confidence or by just perceived confidence) and perceived control. However, the perceived difficulty items also overlapped substantially with affective attitude. Perceived confidence was a strong predictor of exercise intention but not of recycling intention. Perceived control, however, was a strong predictor of recycling intention but not exercise intention. Affective attitudes but not instrumental attitudes were identified as substantial predictors of intentions. The findings suggest that at least under some circumstances it may be inadequate to measure PBC by means of perceived difficulty. One possible consequence may be that the role of PBC as a predictor of intention is somewhat overestimated, whereas the role of (affective) attitude may be similarly underestimated.

• Kvestad, E; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer R & Magnus, Per (2005). The reliability of self-reported childhood otitis media by adults. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.  ISSN 0165-5876. . doi: 10.1016/ijporl.2005.08.005
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer R. & Magnus, Per (2005). Heritability of recurrent tonsillitis. Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery.  ISSN 0886-4470.  131, s 383- 387
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer & Magnus, Per (2005). Heritability of recurrent tonsillitis. Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery.  ISSN 0886-4470.  (31), s 383- 387
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Tambs, Kristian & Harris, Jennifer (2005). Subjective wellbeing and sleep problems: a bivariate twin study. Twin Research and Human Genetics.  ISSN 1832-4274.  8(5), s 440- 449
• Nystad, Wenche; Røysamb, Espen; Magnus, Per; Tambs, Kristian & Harris, Jennifer (2005). A comparison of genetic and environmental variance structures for asthma, hay fever and eczema with symptoms of the same diseases: a study of Norwegian twins. International Journal of Epidemiology.  ISSN 0300-5771.  34(6), s 1302- 1309 . doi: 10.1093/ije/dyi061
• Oppedal, Brit; Røysamb, Espen & Heyerdahl, Sonja (2005). Ethnic group, acculturation and psychiatric problems in young immigrants. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines.  ISSN 0021-9630.  46(6), s 646- 660 . doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00381.x Show summary

  Background:  The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of ethnic origin and acculturation factors on psychiatric problems among immigrant adolescents. One aim was to examine variations in psychiatric problems according to gender and immigrant generation level. Another aim was to explore ethnic group differences in psychiatric problems and acculturation risk and protective factors. Finally, we examined the potential mediating effect of acculturation in the relationship between ethnic origin and psychiatric symptoms. Method:  Questionnaire data were collected from 1275 immigrant 10th graders with 11 different ethnic origins. Psychiatric problems were measured by the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire. Acculturation risk factors involved perceived discrimination and ethnic identity crisis. Protective factors were family values, host and ethnic culture competence. Results:  First-generation girls and second-generation boys were identified as particularly vulnerable to psychiatric problems. There was significant variation in psychiatric problems and acculturation between ethnic groups. There was substantial ethnic group-level correlation between emotional and conduct problems, and between discrimination and peer problems. Otherwise, a differentiated pattern of high-scoring ethnic groups emerged across the various symptom and acculturation indices. ANOVAs yielded unique effects on each symptom category of both ethnic group and the acculturation risk and protective factors, undermining the notion of a mediating effect of acculturation. Conclusions:  There is a complex pattern of adaptation in cultural context and idiosyncratic relationships between distinct psychiatric symptom groups and socio-cultural factors. Information about the differentiated vulnerability of gender, generation, and ethnic groups to psychiatric morbidity is important to identify groups at special risk, and to produce interventions that are tailored to their needs. Future studies should examine how cultural factors contribute both to resilience and to an increased vulnerability to psychiatric problems.

• Oppedal, Brit; Røysamb, Espen & Heyerdahl, Sonja (2005). Ethnic group, acculturation, and psychiatric problems in young immigrants. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines.  ISSN 0021-9630.  46, s 646- 660 Show summary

  BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of ethnic origin and acculturation factors on psychiatric problems among immigrant adolescents. One aim was to examine variations in psychiatric problems according to gender and immigrant generation level. Another aim was to explore ethnic group differences in psychiatric problems and acculturation risk and protective factors. Finally, we examined the potential mediating effect of acculturation in the relationship between ethnic origin and psychiatric symptoms. METHOD: Questionnaire data were collected from 1275 immigrant 10th graders with 11 different ethnic origins. Psychiatric problems were measured by the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire. Acculturation risk factors involved perceived discrimination and ethnic identity crisis. Protective factors were family values, host and ethnic culture competence. RESULTS: First-generation girls and second-generation boys were identified as particularly vulnerable to psychiatric problems. There was significant variation in psychiatric problems and acculturation between ethnic groups. There was substantial ethnic group-level correlation between emotional and conduct problems, and between discrimination and peer problems. Otherwise, a differentiated pattern of high-scoring ethnic groups emerged across the various symptom and acculturation indices. ANOVAs yielded unique effects on each symptom category of both ethnic group and the acculturation risk and protective factors, undermining the notion of a mediating effect of acculturation. CONCLUSIONS: There is a complex pattern of adaptation in cultural context and idiosyncratic relationships between distinct psychiatric symptom groups and socio-cultural factors. Information about the differentiated vulnerability of gender, generation, and ethnic groups to psychiatric morbidity is important to identify groups at special risk, and to produce interventions that are tailored to their needs. Future studies should examine how cultural factors contribute both to resilience and to an increased vulnerability to psychiatric problems.

• Størksen, I; Røysamb, Espen; Moum, T & Tambs, Kristian (2005). Adolescents with a childhood experience of parental divorce: a longitudinal study of mental health and adjustment. Journal of Adolescence.  ISSN 0140-1971.  28(6), s 725- 739 . doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.01.001
• Størksen, Ingunn; Røysamb, Espen; Moum, Torbjørn & Tambs, Kristian (2005). Adolescents with a childhood experience of parental divorce: A longitudinal study of mental health and adjustment. Journal of Adolescence.  ISSN 0140-1971.  28, s 725- 739
• Størksen, Ingunn; Røysamb, Espen; Moum, Torbjørn & Tambs, Kristian (2005). Adolescents with a childhood experience of parental divorce: a longitudinal study of mental helath and adjustment. Journal of Adolescence.  ISSN 0140-1971.  28(6), s 725- 739 Show summary

  This is a prospective Norwegian study of a group of adolescents with an experience of parental divorce or separation (n=413) and a comparison group without this experience (n=1758). Mean age at T1 was 14.4 years and mean age at T2 was 18.4 years. Parental divorce was prospectively associated with a relative change in anxiety and depression, subjective well-being, self-esteem, and school problems. Considering boys separately, parental divorce was prospectively associated only with school problems. Among the girls, divorce was prospectively associated with all variables. The effect of divorce on relative change was partially mediated by paternal absence.

• Valle, Ann Karin; Torgersen, L; Røysamb, Espen; Klepp, Knut Inge & Thelle, Dag Steinar (2005). Social class, gender and psychosocial predictors for early sexual debut among 16 year olds in Oslo. European Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1101-1262.  15, s 185- 194
• Valle, Ann-Karin; Torgersen, Leila; Thelle, Dag S.; Røysamb, Espen & Klepp, K-I (2005). Social class, gender and psychosocial predictors for early sexual debut among 16 year olds in Oslo. European Journal of Public Health.  ISSN 1101-1262.  15(2), s 185- 194
• Veenstra, Marijke; Moum, Torbjørn & Røysamb, Espen (2005). Relationships between health domains and sense of coherence: A two-year cross-lagged in patients with chronic illness. Quality of Life Research.  ISSN 0962-9343.  14, s 1455- 1465
• Nærde, Ane; Røysamb, Espen & Tambs, Kristian (2004). Temperament in adults - Reliability, stability and factor structure of the EAS temperament questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment.  ISSN 0022-3891.  82(1), s 71- 79
• Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2004). Mental health, life stress and social support among young norwegian adolescents with immigrant and host national background. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.  ISSN 0036-5564.  45, s 131- 144
• Oppedal, Brit; Røysamb, Espen & Sam, David Lackland (2004). The effect of acculturation and social support on change in mental health among young immigrants. International Journal of Behavioral Development.  ISSN 0165-0254.  28(6), s 481- 494
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Torgersen, Svenn; Kringlen, Einar; Harris, Jennifer R. & Magnus, Per (2004). Genetic and environmental influences on the association between smoking and panic attacks in females: a population-based twin study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  34, s 1271- 1277
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer R. & Magnus, Per (2004). Otitis media: Genetic factors and sex differences. Twin research.  ISSN 1369-0523.  7, s 239- 244
• Kvestad, Ellen; Kværner, Kari Jorunn; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Harris, Jennifer & Magnus, Per (2004). Otitis media: Genetic factors and sex differences. Twin research.  ISSN 1369-0523.  7(3), s 239- 244
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Bulik, Cynthia M.; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Torgersen, Svenn & Harris, Jennifer R. (2004). Undue influence of weight on self-evaluation: A population-based twin study of gender differences. International Journal of Eating Disorders.  ISSN 0276-3478.  35, s 123- 132
• Dieserud, Gudrun; Røysamb, Espen; Braverman, Mark T.; Dalgard, Odd Steffen & Ekeberg, Øivind (2003). Predicting repetition of suicide attempt. A prospective study of 50 suicide attempters. Archives of Suicide Research.  ISSN 1381-1118.  7(1), s 1- 15
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Bulik, Cindy; Kendler, Ken S.; Røysamb, Espen; Maes, Hermine; Tambs, Kristian & Harris, Jennifer R. (2003). Gender differences in binge-eating: a population-based twin study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.  ISSN 0001-690X.  108, s 196- 202
• Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Neale, Michael C. & Harris, Jennifer R. (2003). Happiness and health. How do environmental and genetic factors contribute to the relationship between subjective well-being, perceived health and somatic illness?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.  ISSN 0022-3514.  85(6), s 1136- 1146 Show summary

  The aim was to identify genetic and environmental influences on the covariances between subjective well-being (SWB), perceived health, and somatic illness. Analyses were based on 6,576 Norwegian twins aged 18�31. Heritabilities ranged from .24 to .66. SWB correlated .50 with perceived health, -.25 with musculoskeletal pain, and -.07 with allergy. Common genetic factors accounted for 45%�60% of associations. SWB and perceived health was to a high extent influenced by the same genes (rg = .72 and .82 for males and females, respectively). For SWB and musculoskeletal pain, rg = -.29 and -.42 for males and females, respectively. Effects were partly sex specific. Environmental factors shared by twins did not affect the covariances. Results support a differentiated view of SWB�health relations, and imply that both genes and environment play important roles in the associations between well-being and health.

• Dieserud, Gudrun; Forsen, Lisa; Braverman, Mark T. & Røysamb, Espen (2002). Negative life events in childhood, psychological problems and suicide attempts in adulthood. A matched case-control study. Archives of Suicide Research.  ISSN 1381-1118.
• Eide, Arne & Røysamb, Espen (2002). Psychological problems, social activity and network intensity as predictors for level of disability. Rehabilitation Psychology.  ISSN 0090-5550.  2, s 165- 183
• Engeland, Anders; Røysamb, Espen; Smedslund, Geir & Søgaard, Anne Johanne (2002). Effects of first aid training in junior high schools. Injury control and safety promotion.  ISSN 1566-0974.  9, s 99- 106
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen; Kringlen, Einar; Torgersen, Svenn & Harris, Jennifer R. (2002). Back-neck pain and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a population-based twin study. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  32(6), s 1009- 1020

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• Røysamb, Espen (2013). Bli lykkeligere. Enkle øvelser for et bedre liv. Kagge.  ISBN 9788248913511.  150 s.
• Røysamb, Espen (2006). Røysamb, Espen (2006). Personality and well-being. In M. Vollrath (Ed). Handbook of Personality and Health, 115 - 134. John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 978-0-470-02135-4.  20 s.

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• Gjerde, Line C.; Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Rosenström, Tom Henrik; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Røysamb, Espen; McAdams, Tom A.; Eley, Thalia C. & Ystrøm, Eivind (2018). The Joint Structure of Psychopathology and Personality in Preadolescent Children – Preliminary Findings.
• Hansen, Thomas; Nes, Ragnhild B; Barstad, Anders; Røysamb, Espen & Vittersø, Joar (2018). A strategy for creating good (better) lives in Norway.
• Bang Nes, Ragnhild; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen & Vassend, Olav (2017). Components and sources of well-being and ill-being: A twin study.
• Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Bang Nes, Ragnhild; Vassend, Olav & Røysamb, Espen (2017). Effects of somatic and mental illness on subjective well-being. A discordant twin analysis.
• H. Kleppestø, Thomas; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Vassend, Olav; Røysamb, Espen; R. Kunst, Jonas & Thomsen, Lotte (2017). Preferring domination or egalitarianism: Genetic and environmental structure of Social Dominance Orientation.
• Lund, Ingunn Olea; Eilertsen, Espen Moen; Gjerde, Line C.; Røysamb, Espen; Wood, Mollie; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Ystrøm, Eivind (2017). Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Child Internalizing and Externalizing Problems.
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Røysamb, Espen (2017). The Heritability and Changeability of Happiness.
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Røysamb, Espen; Hansen, Thomas; Vittersø, Joar & Barstad, Anders (2017). A Strategy for Monitoring Quality of Life in Norway.
• Røysamb, Espen; Bang Nes, Ragnhild; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi & Vassend, Olav (2017). Anxiety, depression and life satisfaction after midlife. A twin study across 20 years.
• Vassend, Olav; Nielsen, Christopher Sivert; Røysamb, Espen & Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi (2017). Fatigue symptoms in relation to neuroticism, anxiety-depression, and musculoskeletal pain. A longitudinal study.
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Dyb, Grete; Røysamb, Espen & Olff, Miranda (2016). Broken and guilty since it happened. A population study of trauma-related shame and guilt after violence and sexual abuse.
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Dyb, Grete; Røysamb, Espen & Olff, Miranda (2016). Broken since it happened. A population study of trauma-related shame after violence and sexual abuse.
• Dyrdal, Gunvor Marie; Røysamb, Espen; Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Vittersø, Joar (2016). Life stressors and life satisfaction: Short- and long-term individual and societal effects..
• Løvoll, Helga Synnevåg; Røysamb, Espen & Vittersø, Joar (2016). Positive følelser fasiliterer indremotivasjon.
• Løvoll, Helga Synnevåg; Vittersø, Joar & Røysamb, Espen (2016). The Power of experiences. Momentary experience of intrinsic motivation analyzed With Experience Fluctuation Model and Flow-Simplex.
• Gjerde, Line C.; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ystrøm, Eivind; Tambs, Kristian; Aggen, Steven H.; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Knudsen, Gun Peggy (2015). Avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits from early to middle adulthood. Show summary

  Backgroundand Aims: The stability over time for avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) has previously been found to be moderate. However, the mechanisms underlying this temporal development are not well understood. In the present study we estimate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on stability and change in AVPD and OCPD. Methods: AVPD and OCPD traits were assessed using the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality in 2,793 young adult twins from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel (wave 1). On average 10 years later (wave 2) 2,282 of these were re-interviewed. Longitudinal biometric models were fitted to dimensional representations of AVPD and OCPD. Results: The number of endorsed sub-threshold criteria for both PDs decreased 31% from wave 1 to wave 2. The correlations between the numbers of traits endorsed at the two time points were 0.54 for AVPD and 0.37 for OCPD. Genetic factors contributed 67% and 53%, respectively, to the stability of AVPD and OCPD. The correlations between the genetic factors influencing AVPD and OCPD at the two time points were 1.00 and 0.72 respectively, while the environmental influences correlated 0.26 and 0.23, respectively. The correlation between the stable risk factors for AVPD and OCPD was 0.39 of which 63% was attributable to genetic influences. Conclusion: Both AVPD and OCPD were moderately stable from young to middle adulthood. Stability was in large part due to genetic factors, whereas environmental influences contributed to change.

• Gjerde, Line C.; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ystrøm, Eivind; Tambs, Kristian; Aggen, Steven H.; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Knudsen, Gun Peggy (2015). Avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits from early to middle adulthood.
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Røysamb, Espen (2015). The heritability of subjective well-being: Review and meta-analysis, In Michael Pluess (ed.),  Genetics of Psychological Well-Being.  Oxford University Press.  ISBN 978-0-19-968667-4.  5.  s 75 - 96
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Ystrøm, Eivind; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Aggen, Steven H.; Tambs, Kristian; Torgersen, Svenn; Neale, Michael C.; Røysamb, Espen; Krueger, Robert F; Knudsen, Gun Peggy & Kendler, Kenneth S. (2015). Borderline and antisocial personality disorder traits in early to middle adulthood: A longitudinal twin study. Show summary

  Background and Aims: Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) share genetic and environmental risk factors. Little is known about the temporal stability of these etiological factors in adulthood. Methods: DSM-IV criteria for ASPD and BPD were assessed using structured interviews in 2,282 Norwegian twins in early adulthood and approximately 10 years later. Longitudinal biometric models were used to analyze the number of endorsed criteria. Results: The mean criterion count for ASPD and BPD decreased 40% and 28% respectively from early to middle adulthood. Rank-order stability was 0.58 for ASPD and 0.45 for BPD. The best-fitting longitudinal twin model included only genetic and individual-specific environmental factors. Genetic effects, both those shared by ASPD and BPD, and those specific to each disorder remained completely stable. The unique environmental effects, however, changed substantially, with a correlation across time of 0.19 for the shared effects, and 0.39 and 0.15 respectively for those specific to ASPD and BPD. Genetic effects accounted for 71% and 72% of the stability over time for ASPD and BPD respectively. The genetic and environmental correlations between ASPD and BPD were 0.73, and 0.43 respectively at both time points. Conclusion: ASPD and BPD traits were moderately stable from early to middle adulthood, mostly due to genetic risk factors which did not change over the10 year assessment period. Environmental risk factors were mostly transient, and appear to be the main source of phenotypic change. Genetic liability factors were, to a large extent, shared by ASPD and BPD.

• Gjerde, Line Cecilie; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Røysamb, Espen & Knudsen, Gun Peggy (2014). Genetic and environmental contributions to personality disorders, long-term sick leave and disability pension. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. 453.
• Idstad, Mariann; Tambs, Kristian & Røysamb, Espen (2014). Mental distress in couples: subjective caregiver burden and divorce in the general population. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. 456.
• Valle, Ann-Karin; Røysamb, Espen & Klepp, Knut Inge (2014). Positive Emotions, Sexual Self-Concepts and Contraceptive use among adolescent girls in Norway.
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Røysamb, Espen & Dyb, Grete (2013). Shame and Guilt in the aftermath of terror: The Utøya Island Study.
• Aakvaag, Helene Flood; Thoresen, Siri; Wentzel-Larsen, Tore; Røysamb, Espen & Dyb, Grete (2013). Shame in the aftermath of terror: The Utøya Island Study.
• Gjerde, Line C.; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Østby, Kristian Amundsen; Tambs, Kristian; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2013). Personality disorders and long-term sick leave - Preliminary results from a population-based study of young adult Norwegian twins.
• Tambs, Kristian; Røysamb, Espen & Rognmo, Kamilla (2013). Consequences of alcohol use for family members: a population based study. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. 433.
• Valle, Ann-Karin & Røysamb, Espen (2013). Subjective Experience of quality of sexual relationships, teenage pregnancy and sexual health promotion among adolescents.
• Gjerde, Line C.; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Aggen, Steven H.; Røysamb, Espen; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Tambs, Kristian; Østby, Kristian Amundsen; Kendler, Kenneth S. & Ørstavik, Ragnhild (2012). Genetic and environmental contributions to long-term sick leave and disability pension - A population-based study of young adult Norwegian twins.
• Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Tambs, Kristian; Hettema, Jack; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Røysamb, Espen; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Kendler, Kenneth S. & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2012). The influence of personality disorders on longitudinal stability of anxiety. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  42(6), s 944- 944 . doi: 10.1007/s10519-012-9566-6
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang; Hauge, Lars Johan; Røysamb, Espen; Kornstad, Tom; Landolt, Markus; Irgens, Lorentz M.; Eskedal, Leif Torvald; Petter, Kristensen & Vollrath, Margarete E. (2012). Maternal Well-Being and Psychological Distress: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Mothers Giving Birth to Children With Congenital Anomalies.
• Nilsen, Wendy; Gustavson, Kristin Brun; Røysamb, Espen; Kjeldsen, Anne & Karevold, Evalill Bølstad (2012). A prospective examination of gender-specific pathways from maternal distress and childhood problem behaviors to adolescent depressive symptoms(Poster presentation).
• Torvik, Fartein Ask; Tambs, Kristian & Røysamb, Espen (2012). Familial consequences of alcohol use in the general population.
• Valle, Ann Karin; Røysamb, Espen & Klepp, Knut-Inge (2012). Social determinants, body image and sexual health among 15 and 16-year olds.
• Gjerde, Line C.; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Østby, Kristian Amundsen; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Kendler, Kenneth S. & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2011). The heritability of liability to Cluster C personality disorders. Preliminary results from Axis I and Axis II Psychiatric Disorders in Norwegian Twins.
• Nilsen, Wendy; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen; Gustavson, Kristin Brun & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2011). Prospective associations between social competence and adolescent depressive symptoms (Oral presentation).
• Ørstavik, Ragnhild; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Knudsen, Gun Peggy; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2011). Possible sex differences in genetic and environmental influences on measures of socioeconomic status-results from a Norwegian study of young adult twins. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  41(6), s 929- 929
• Nilsen, Wendy; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2010). Do social skills moderate the relation between early maternal distress and adolescent depressive symptoms.
• Nilsen, Wendy; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2010). Maternal symptoms of distress in toddlerhood and later adolescent depressive symptoms.
• Valle, Ann Karin & Røysamb, Espen (2010). Sosial ulikhet, kroppsbilde og seksuell helse blant ungdom - gamle myter eller nye innsikter.
• Alves, Daniele Evelin; Zachrisson, Henrik Daae; Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2009). Absence in gender differences in internalizing symptoms among ethnic minority preadolescents.
• Nilsen, Wendy; Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2009). Predicting depression symptoms in adolescence – Examining the effects of cumulative maternal distress, current strains and temperament [POSTER PRESENTATION].
• Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Czajkowski, Nikolai; Røysamb, Espen; Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise; Torgersen, Svenn & Kendler, Kenneth S (2009). Major Depression and DSM-IV Personality Disorders: A Population-Based Twin Study.
• Karevold, Evalill Bølstad; Røysamb, Espen & Mathiesen, Kristin Schjelderup (2008). Emotional problems in childhood and adolescence : predictors, pathways and underlying structure. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. No.126.
• Oppedal, Brit & Røysamb, Espen (2008). Association between parents’ achievement values and mental health among immigrant and non immigrant youth in Norway.
• Røysamb, Espen & Vittersø, Joar (2008). Subjective well-being: How do genes and environment contribute to stability and change.
• Nes, Ragnhild Bang & Røysamb, Espen (2007). Well-being & psychological distress : genetic and environmental influences on stability, change, and covariance. Series of Dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. No.92.
• Tambs, Kristian; Czajkowski, N; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Aggen, SH; Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise; Neale, MC; Røysamb, Espen; Harris, Jennifer & Kendler, KS (2007). Evidence of familial effects common to panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and phobias and common and disorder specific effects of non-shared environment. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  37
• Ørstavik, Ragnhild Elise; Kendler, KS; Røysamb, Espen; Tambs, Kristian; Czajkovski, N & Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2007). The relationship between borderline, avoidant and depressive personality disorder: A multivariate twin study. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  37
• Vittersø, Joar; Dyrdal, Gunvor M & Røysamb, Espen (2006). Why can’t we measure engagement with life satisfaction scales? Some theoretical and empirical arguments about their distinctiveness.
• Røysamb, Espen (2006). The Science of Well-being. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  36
• Røysamb, Espen (2006). The Science of Well-being (Edited by F. Huppert N. Baylis and B. Keverne.) Oxford University Press. Psychological Medicine.  ISSN 0033-2917.  36
• Thoresen, Siri; Mehlum, Lars; Røysamb, Espen & Tønnessen, Arnfinn (2005). Risk factors for suicide attempt in Norwegian peace-keepers.
• Vittersø, Joar; Dyrdal, Gunvor M & Røysamb, Espen (2005). Utilities and capabilities: A psychological account of the two concepts and their relation to the idea of a good life.
• Thoresen, Siri; Mehlum, Lars; Røysamb, Espen & Tønnessen, Arnfinn (2005). Predictors of attempted and completed suicide in veterans of peacekeeping..
• Thoresen, Siri; Mehlum, Lars; Røysamb, Espen & Tønnessen, Arnfinn (2005). Repatriation as an independent risk factor for completed suicide in veterans of peacekeeping.
• Røysamb, Espen; Harris, Jennifer R.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted & Tambs, Kristian (2004). Causes of respondent participation and attrition in questionnaire surveys:a longitudinal twin study. Behavior Genetics.  ISSN 0001-8244.  34, s 659- 659

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