Camilla Houeland

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Labour Resistance Against Fossil Fuel Subsidies Reform: Neoliberal Discourses and African Realities. I Räthzel, Nora; Stevis, Dimitris & Uzzell, David (Red.), The Palgrave Handbook of Environmental Labour Studies. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 978-3-030-71908-1. s. 493–516. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-71909-8_21.
• Ytterstad, Andreas; Houeland, Camilla & Jordhus-Lier, David (2021). Heroes of the Day After Tomorrow: “The Oil Worker” in Norwegian Climate Coverage 2017–2021. Journalism Practice. ISSN 1751-2786. doi: 10.1080/17512786.2021.2002712. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In 2019, mentions of “oil worker” in Norwegian newspaper coverage of climate change more than quadrupled, mostly reflecting a rise in politicians vying for the support of this critical constituency. This article explores the rise of the oil worker in newspaper coverage in the period 2017–2021, identifying the main agents of change in the dominant narratives and demonstrating that agency tends to be ascribed to politicians rather than to the oil workers themselves, despite an outpouring of “thank-yous” to those workers for their contribution to society. We also distinguish between the various ways in which oil workers have been framed as heroes and find that newspapers in the Western part of the country portrayed oil workers as “national income heroes”, while left-wing papers attached a sense of pride to the social democratic history of the oil industry. Opinions were more polarized on the potential for oil workers to become climate heroes. While some suggested a conditional form of heroism, the “heroes of tomorrow”, based on the willingness of the workers to transition, others focused on the bravery of oil workers in seeking dialogue with their counterparts in the climate debate and thus becoming the “heroes of couples therapy”.

• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer; Houeland, Camilla & Hammerø Ellingsvåg, Tale (2021). Alienating assemblages: Working the carbonscape in times of transformation. Progress in Human Geography. ISSN 0309-1325. doi: 10.1177/03091325211018730. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Energy geographers seem to agree that the carbon economy represents a symbiotic relationship between social and material components. There is less consensus, however, on how this symbiosis is best conceptualized. We critique the portrayal of carbonscapes as loosely associated, flexibly (re)arranged and easily enacted upon through small-scale radical innovation. Instead, we advocate for a historical materialist approach foregrounding people’s relationship to nature and to each other through the wage relation and systems of social reproduction. By assuming the vantage point of petroleum workers, we show how geographies of (de)alienation can inform a politics of reconnection in the carbon economy.

• Houeland, Camilla & Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer (2021). Oljearbeiderne - samfunnsbyggere eller bremseklosser? I Ljunggren, Jørn & Hansen, Marianne Nordli (Red.), Arbeiderklassen. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202646240. s. 163–182.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Contentious and institutional politics in a petro-state: Nigeria's 2012 fuel subsidy protests. The Extractive Industries and Society. ISSN 2214-790X. doi: 10.1016/j.exis.2020.05.010. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Houeland, Camilla; Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer & Angell, Frida Hambro (2020). Solidarity tested: The case of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO‐Norway) and its contradictory climate change policies. Area (London 1969). ISSN 0004-0894. doi: 10.1111/area.12608.
• Houeland, Camilla (2018). Between the street and Aso Rock*: the role of Nigerian trade unions in popular protests. Journal of Contemporary African Studies. ISSN 0258-9001. 36(1), s. 103–120. doi: 10.1080/02589001.2017.1396297. Vis sammendrag

  The trade unions’ instrumental role in four decades of successful popular resistance against subsidy removals is widely recognised, but insufficiently understood due to inadequate consideration of the particularities of labour. The subsidy contestations are considered a barometer of Nigerian politics, and the 2012 subsidy protests – often referred as Occupy Nigeria – was one of the largest popular mobilisations in Nigerian history. Whereas unionists described the outcome as a successful demonstration of popular sovereignty, other protesters blamed the unions for unfulfilled democratic opportunities and for succumbing to bribery. With labour theoretical perspectives, this article critically examines the trade unions’ positions, actions and relations during those protests. The article demonstrates, in practice, not only how the unions’ capacities to mobilise, strike and negotiate, were instrumental to the reinstatement of the subsidy, but also how trade unions’ agency is both enabled and constrained by labour's multiple embeddedness in state, civil society and the market.

• Houeland, Camilla (2015). Casualisation and Conflict in the Niger Delta: Nigerian Oil Workers' Unions Between Companies and Communities. Revue Tiers Monde. ISSN 1293-8882. s. 25–46. doi: 10.3917/rtm.224.0025. Vis sammendrag

  Though millions of Nigerians were protesting in the streets against the repeal of subsidies in January 2012, the government did not call for negotiations until the oil unions threatened to shut down oil production. However, production was never shut down, and the oil unions were criticised for “empty threats” and for abandoning their historical democratic role. To better understand the opportunities and constraints of Nigerian oil workers, this study explores how casualisation processes and conflict interlink and affect the local labour regime and the oil unions' powers in the Niger Delta. The labour fragmentations and erosions of labour power from casualisation have been exacerbated when unfolding into this context of conflictual and fragmented social relations. Despite the oil unions' strategic position in the oil industry and their relatively high union density, these processes have challenged both their structural and associational powers.

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• Houeland, Camilla & Jordhus-Lier, David (2021). Ikke min oppgave - om tillitsvalgte i petrolemsindustrien sin rolle i en grønn omstilling .
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Afrika: Hva med framtida? Vis sammendrag

  Innledning om Afrika Framtidsutsikter/muligheter - inkludert arbeid, olje og klima

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Polarisering i klimadebatten. Vis sammendrag

  Foredrag basert på rapport

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Polarisering i klima- og oljedebatten . Vis sammendrag

  Innledning og debatt om polarisering og fagbevegelsens rolle i klimapolitikken,

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Comment and panel to keynote "There is no 'I' in individual: the need to connect personal, collective and systemic climate action" Keynote speaker: Stuart Capstick Commentator: Camilla Houeland Moderator: Shayan Shokrgozar. Vis sammendrag

  I talked about using citizenship and consider workers-citizen as actors in climate change.

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Panel discussion on documentary film: Dying For Gold. Vis sammendrag

  The film captures the exploitative nature of labour and extraction in South Africa’s mining industry. It powerfully knits together rare archival materials and moving accounts of African mine workers and their families. The discussion explored the key themes and debates from the film. This will be an open debate and the discussion will be led by the following speakers: • Dr Camilla Houeland, Centre of African Studies/University of Oslo https://www.sv.uio.no/iss/english/people/aca/camilhou/index.html • Dr Mohammad Amir Anwar, Centre of African Studies https://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/staff/mohammad-amir-anwar • Dr Jose Martin Munoz, Centre of African Studies https://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/staff/jose-maria-munoz

• Houeland, Camilla (2021). ‘Not my task’: Roles and role perceptions among shop stewards in the Norwegian petroleum industry facing a green transition . Vis sammendrag

  A just transition holds different connotations, and signals different implications, for different groups of workers. In petroleum-exporting Norway, the political debate around a green shift has long revolved around the future of the oil industry, while country's reliance on oil revenues continues unabated. The left-aligned labour movement and the right-supported capital have jointly secured against policy restrictions to the fossil industries, across time and governments. Employers and employees in the oil industry have united around the message of the financial sustainability of the welfare state, its “high-road” labour market policies and a successful green transition hinges on continued petroleum activity. Concurrently, the mobilization of climate activists has affected media coverage, electoral politics and challenged the consensus of the broader labour movement. In the middle of this contested political landscape is a group of actors who experience the cross pressures of representation and responsibility, not least when issues of fossil fuels and climate change is on the agenda: shop stewards in the petroleum industry. This paper asks what role trade unionists in the oil industry have in a green transition, and document how they describe their opportunities and responsibilities to contribute to building a low-emission society. Theoretically, we engage in debates around the ‘constrained agency’ of labour in human geography, and argue that there is a gap in the conceptualization of workers’ collective agency in the form of a weak understanding of roles and role perceptions. The analytical framework for this article is therefore informed by recent debates in sociology and social philosophy on the importance of roles, role perceptions and reflexivity in structure-agency relations . We assess the relevance of these debates for studies of worker agency in industrial landscapes in the Norwegian oil industry, for workplace dynamics and for industrial relations. Empirically, we draw on a data set of six focus groups with shop stewards working in the petroleum industry, drawn from five different industrial trade unions and conducted in 2018-2019. In our conversations with these union representatives, we discussed roles and role perceptions from four different angles: How do they see their own role 1) in transition processes in general and 2) in a green transition in particular? 3) What role(s) are they ascribed (according to themselves) by other actors (the media, environmental organization, youth, etc). And, finally: 4) What role do they ascribe other actors (states, companies, workers in other countries) in a green and just transition?

• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer & Houeland, Camilla (2021). Fagbevegelsen og det grønne skiftet .
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Ungdommen har fått nok. [Avis]. Klassekampen.
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Tåregass i gatene. [Avis]. Klassekampen.
• Haarstad, Håvard; Houeland, Camilla & Wanvik, Tarje Iversen (2021). Populismens grenser . Vis sammendrag

  Hvordan skal vi forstå populismens fremvekst, og hva har den med grenser å gjøre? Populistiske strømninger har kommet til Norge, og gjør seg gjeldende i bompengeopprør, distriktsopprør og i gryende motstand mot klimapolitikken. Som andre steder i verden ser motsetningene ut til å utspille seg i skillelinjen mellom by og land. I denne paneldebatten skal vi prøve å få grep om populismens fremvekt og se den gjennom blikket til samfunnsgeografien. Er det geografisk polarisering som ligger under disse trendene, eller bør det heller forklares på andre måter?  

• Houeland, Camilla & Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer (2021). Steile fronter i klimadebatten. [Fagblad]. lo-aktuelt.
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). Polarisering i klima- og industridebatten.
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). The global and class inequalities of fossil fuel subsidy reform. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). No, Countries in the Global South Shouldn’t be Scrapping Fuel Subsidies. Jacobin. ISSN 2158-2602.
• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer & Houeland, Camilla (2021). Polarisering på norsk. Dagsavisen. ISSN 1503-2892.
• Houeland, Camilla (2021). We work like elephants, and eat like ants. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla; Jordhus-Lier, David; Wanvik, Tarje Iversen & Haarstad, Håvard (2020). A politics of disassembly or a politics of reconnection?  A conversation about perspectives.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Nigeria’s Revolt.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Kan man se konsekvenser av imperialismen i dagens Nigeria? Tre historier om Boko Haram og terror; #Endsars og folkelige protester mot politivold og Olje-konfliktene i Nigerdeltaet. .
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). #EndSARS - Hva er det og hvorfor skjer det nå? (Panelsamtale om de pågående protestene i Nigeria).
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). "Klimaheltene det ikke synges om: Oljearbeiderne".
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Nigerias delte oljeindustri og fagbevegelsens svekkede kraft. Magasinet Industri Energi. s. 42–43.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Korona krever kutt i bensinsubsidier – en katastrofe for fattige. [Fagblad]. Apollon.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Makt og avmakt i afrikansk fagbevgelse: I kriser, korona og klima.
• Sollund, Sigrid; Lende, Gina; Houeland, Camilla & Dahlback, Ida Titlestad (2020). Nigeria feirer 60 år. [TV]. Dagsnytt 18.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Kjendiser ut mot politibrutalitet. [Avis]. VG.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Norwegian oil workers' perception of media coverage of oil, work and climate change.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Bloomberg: Verdens beste børs i år er nigeriansk. [Avis]. E24.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Nigeria feirer 60 år med uavhengighet. [TV]. NRK, Dagsnytt18.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Afrikansk fagbevegelse kan få en viktig rolle under korona-pandemien, sier afrikaekspert. [Fagblad]. Frifagbevegelse.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Trade unions and organization in Africa: Disempowerment and counter-power.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). "We are workers, not heroes". Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Arbeidere, ikke helter. Bistandsaktuelt. ISSN 1501-0201.
• Houeland, Camilla (2020). Nollywood Travel Festival til Norge for første gang. [Fagblad]. Bistandsaktuelt.
• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer & Houeland, Camilla (2020). Oljearbeidernes dilemma. KLIMA - Et magasin om klimaforskning fra CICERO.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Arbeidstakerrettigheter under angrep. Bistandsaktuelt. ISSN 1501-0201. Vis sammendrag

  Angrep på arbeidstakerrettigheter er angrep på demokratiet. Allikevel mangler vi fokus på nettopp de demokratiske rettighetene, både i næringslivet og i bistanden.

• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Faglige rettigheteer under angrep.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Panelsamtale om klima og utvikling .
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Labour-resistance against fuel subsidies reform for climate mitigation.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Nigeria (ansvar for 26 artikler). Store Norske Leksikon (Nettutgaven).
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Drepes i kamp om jord. [Avis]. Vårt Land.
• Houeland, Camilla & lundh, live (2019). Balanse mellom nord og sør. [Avis]. Vårt Land.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Valget i Nigeria: To menn fra den gamle politiske eliten kjemper om de unges stemmer. [Fagblad]. Bistandsaktuelt.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Oljens forbannelse?
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Nigeriansk fagbevegelse: Punching above their weight.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Når COSATU ikke lengre er lik Fagbevegelsen i Sør-Afrika.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Anstendig arbeid og Bærekraftsmålene.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Første mai: Om fagbevegelse og demokrati. Bistandsaktuelt. ISSN 1501-0201.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Lykkeland og troen på gode jobber. Bistandsaktuelt. ISSN 1501-0201.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Derfor slåss fattigfolk for klimaskadelige bensin-subsidier. Bistandsaktuelt. ISSN 1501-0201.
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Celebrating May Day: Trade unions as schools of democracy. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). Olje – ressursen der ute: Tilknytningsformer - arbeidsplass og lokalsamfunn/fellesskap .
• Houeland, Camilla (2019). "Working for Oil: Comparative Social Histories of Labor in the Global Oil Industry, T. Atabaki, E. Bini, K. Ehsani (Eds.), Palgrave Macmillan (2018)." . The Extractive Industries and Society. ISSN 2214-790X.
• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer; Houeland, Camilla & Hambro Angell, Frida (2019). Interests and perspectives on climate change among organised labour: The case of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO-NORWAY).
• Houeland, Camilla (2018). Hva er det med Sør-Afrika? Eksepsjonalisme eller eksempel.
• Houeland, Camilla (2018). The struggle for a minimum wage in Nigeria. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2018). Public brainpower: civil society and natural resource management. Democratization. ISSN 1351-0347. doi: 10.1080/13510347.2018.1522303.
• Houeland, Camilla; Adetula, Victor & Sommerfelt, Tone (2017). En global utfordring. Dagens næringsliv. ISSN 0803-9372.
• Sommerfelt, Tone; Houeland, Camilla & Adetula, Victor (2017). The crisis around Lake Chad. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2017). Interview on the crisis in Nigeria. [Radio]. NRK Dagsnytt atten.
• Houeland, Camilla & Røst, Espen (2016). Kjent nigeriansk analytiker: – Valget var en seier for demokratiet. [Fagblad]. Bistandsaktuelt.
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Nigeria. Store Norske Leksikon (Nettutgaven).
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Ensidig framstilling 
av offerbildet i Nigeria. Vårt land. ISSN 0805-5424.
• Houeland, Camilla & Jacobs, Sean (2016). «Big man-syndromet». Dagsavisen. ISSN 1503-2892.
• Houeland, Camilla & Jacobs, Sean (2016). The ‘Big Man’ Syndrome in Africa. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Trade unions and development.
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Niger Delta; oil, dispossession and resistance (gues lecture).
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Oil, labour and the environment. A suggested case study from the Niger Delta.
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Nigeria for dummies.
• Houeland, Camilla (2016). Flykter fra kriserammet Nigeria. [Avis]. Dagens Næringsliv.
• Houeland, Camilla (2015). Popular protest against fuel subsidy removal. Nigerian trade unions as protector of a social contract.
• Houeland, Camilla (2015). Popular protest against fuel subsidy removal: Nigerian trade unions as mediator of a social contract.
• Houeland, Camilla (2015). Labor protests in Swaziland: when no news is not good news. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla & Bjørkhaug, Ingunn (2014). Ebola-epidemiens lokale helter. Dagsavisen - Nye Meninger.
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). How do we judge Nigeria’s Abiola family? New documentary film on the history of Nigeria democracy movement. Africa Is A Country (Blog).
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Boko Haram. [Radio]. Radio Nova - Opplysningen.
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Afrika, protester. [Radio]. Radio Nova - Opplysningen.
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Nigeria/Boko Haram. [Radio]. NRK P2, Nyhetslunsj.
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Nigeria – full av kontraster. [Radio]. NRK P2, Ekko.
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Intervju om Nigeria/Boko Haram. [TV]. NRK (Aktuelt).
• Houeland, Camilla (2014). Nigerian trade unions navigating in the political economy of oil: a case study of the 2012 fuel subsidy strike.
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Bistand - en snapshot historie og framtidsrefleksjoner.
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Bistand: Virker det?
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Protester mot avvikling av bensinsubsidier: Regimemotstand eller institusjonalisert politikk?
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Nigeria. I Johnstad, Sigrun (Red.), Afrikas 99%. Økonomisk vekst, ulikhet og protest. Fellesrådet for Afrika og Solidaritet Forlag. ISSN 9788291916309. s. 182–183.
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Hva vil skje etter Mandela? Dagsavisen. ISSN 1503-2892.
• Houeland, Camilla (2013). Nigeria: Online leksikon-artikkel.
• Jordhus-Lier, David Christoffer & Houeland, Camilla (2021). Polarisering i klimadebatten: Samtaler med tillitsvalgte i oljeindustrien. Manifest. Vis sammendrag

  DENNE RAPPORTEN forsøker å belyse hvordan de skjerpede motsetningene i klimadebatten oppleves av ansatte og tillitsvalgte i oljeindustrien. Forskningen som ligger til grunn for denne teksten er en fokusgruppestudie med 41 tillitsvalgte i oljeselskaper og i leverandørindustrien fra forbundene NITO,SAFE, El og IT, Fellesforbundet og Industri Energi. Vi har også gjennomført telefonintervjuer med ungdomstillitsvalgte i industriforbundene NITO og Industri Energi. Rapporten dokumenterer at arbeidere i oljebransjen opplever at det foregår en polarisering i feltet. Videre bærer denne polariseringen preg av å være affektiv, altså at ulike grupper står langt fra hverandre og er følelsesmessig investert i uenigheten. På oppdrag fra Grønn Industri 21 og Manifest Tankesmie har vi studert hvilke akser denne polariseringen utspiller seg langs. I materialet finner vi at oljearbeiderne definerer ulike motparter i klima- og industripolitikken, og at disse motpartene kan oppsummeres som følger: 1) klima- og miljøbevegelsen langs aksen arbeid/miljø; 2) fagorganiserte og fagforbund i andre sektorer (særlig offentlig sektor og varehandel); 3) geografiske motparter som dels kan forstås ut ifra et øst/vest-skille, dels langs aksen by/bygd; 4) generasjonskløften mellom ungdom og voksne; og 5) interessemotsetninger til arbeidsgivere og oppdragsgivere internt i olje- og gassnæringa. I rapportens hoveddel går vi gjennom hver av disse aksene og dokumenterer ulike aspekter ved dem gjennom direkte sitater fra fokusgruppene, supplert med andre kilder og våre egne analyser. I siste del av rapporten diskuterer vi hvordan disse skillelinjene oppleves fra «den andre siden». Dette har vi gjort ved å invitere tre representanter for miljøbevegelsen til å kommentere på et utkast. Innspillene fra disse kommentatorene er med å gjøre rapportens diskusjonsdel til en strukturert samtale mellom oljearbeiderne på den ene siden,og representanter for motparten på den andre. Avslutningsvis konkluderer vi med å vise hvordan ordskiftet har utviklet seg i en lite konstruktiv retning gjennom en utpreget hjemmebane/bortebane-dynamikk og en polariserende tone i mediedebatten. Vi antyder at den beste motgiften mot polariseringen som forekommer er at fagbevegelsen og miljøbevegelsen tar tilbake initiativet i klima- og industripolitikken sammen, tar i bruk verktøyene for samarbeid og konfliktløsning i den norske modellen til å løse klimaspørsmål, og sist men ikke minst: slutter å krangle og begynner å handle.

• Braathen, Einar; Houeland, Camilla & Aasen, Berit (2018). Civil society under pressure - A synthesis study of evaluations of Civil Society Organisations’ democratisation and human rights work in Southern and Eastern Africa. Evaluation Department, Norad. ISSN 978-82-8369-064-4. Vis sammendrag

  I løpet av de siste 20 årene har sivilsamfunnsorganisasjoner (CSOs) som fremmer demokrati og menneskerettigheter opplevd et stadig mer restriktivt driftsmiljø over hele verden, fra juridiske begrensninger og fysisk vold til mer subtile former for trusler. Det sivile samfunn er under press.Denne synteseundersøkelsen presenterer funn om hvordan CSOer i Sør- og Øst-Afrika, spesielt i Etiopia, Uganda, Malawi, Mosambik og Zambia, oppfatter og møter disse endringene.Formålet med studien er å utnytte kunnskap fra eksisterende evalueringer for å informere utformingen av norsk politikk, strategi og innsats på området om CSOenes demokrati- og menneskerettighetsarbeid i det globale sør. Syntesestudien har til hensikt å gjenspeile et sørlig perspektiv på dette arbeidet.Studien har forsøkt å samle og systematisk presentere funn fra evalueringer og andre dokumenter som omhandler CSOers arbeid.

• Houeland, Camilla (2017). Punching above their weight - Nigerian trade unions in the political economy of oil. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU. ISSN 1894-6402. 2017(64).

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